Introduction In general, the twentieth century marked the first major incursion of chemists into the world of tribology. Driven partly by the need for improved lubricants for new machines developed in the first few decades of the century, and partly by new analytical capabilities, lubricant chemists and tribochemists were to become full partners in the science of tribology. In this review we co...

The antigenic composition of Candida albicans is very complex. In order to study the antigenic relationship between blastoconidia and germ tubes of C. albicans, we produced several monoclonal antibodies and analyzed their reactivity against cell wall antigens either in intact cells or in cells treated with dithiothreitol. Overall, four types of reactivity were found. Monoclonal antibodies 3D9 a...

Five nonoverlapping antigenic sites (sites I through V) of woodchuck hepatitis virus surface antigen were identified with competitive binding assays involving monoclonal antibodies. Site I contributed to cross-reactions among surface antigens of hepatitis B-like viruses infecting woodchucks, ground squirrels, and humans. At least three distinct sites (sites I, II, and III) are responsible for c...

Naturally occurring antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum rhoptry-associated proteins 1 and 2 (RAP-1 and RAP-2) were measured with recombinant and parasite-derived forms of the antigens. For comparative purposes, responses to multiple forms of three other malarial antigens were also examined. The sera of 100 Papua New Guineans were screened for antibodies. Eighty-six and 82% of individual...

Abstract Fast, sensitive, high-throughput detection of coronavirus antigens at physiologically relevant levels is essential for population screening that could prevent epidemics such as the current COVID-19 global pandemic. Optical methods based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy are promising this purpose because they ensure quick even single biological molecules in a sam...

the production of murine monoclonal antibody (mab) has not yet been reported in iran. the present work describes for the first time the generation of several murine hybridoma clones secreting mabs directed against human leukocyte surface antigens. the secreted antibodies by hybridoma clones have been screened on different lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues. results indicated that of seven hybrid...

   The current study designed and simulated graphene nanosensors for detection of GLY120 tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens. Graphene is a two-dimensional nanosheet that offers a high surface-to-volume ratio and high mobility which increases its sensitivity as a graphene sensor over that of other nanoparticles. The current study simulated graphene sensors with and without GLY12...

A library has been constructed of approximately 50 monoclonal antibodies that recognize antigens of Mycoplasma hyorhinis. Characteristics of six antibodies are discussed. Each reacts with a discrete determinant borne on a protein-containing molecule of distinct molecular size. Three of these respective antigens are expressed at the surface of mycoplasmas colonizing lymphoblastoid cells in cultu...

To define Babesia bigemina-specific antigens on the surface of infected erythrocytes, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were identified by live-cell immunofluorescence. As determined by live-cell immunofluorescence, two MAbs made to the Mexico strain reacted with the Mexico strain and three Kenya strains, while three MAbs made to the Kenya-Ngong strain reacted with the Kenya strains but not the Mexi...