Many kinds of algebraic structures have associated dual topological spaces, among others commutative rings with 1 (this being the paradigmatic example), various kinds of lattices, boolean algebras, C∗-algebras, . . . . These associations are functorial, and hence algebraic endomorphisms of the structures give rise to continuous selfmappings of the dual spaces, which can enjoy various dynamical ...

A combinatorial substitution is a map over tilings which allows to define sets of tilings with a strong hierarchical structure. In this paper, we show that such sets of tilings are sofic, that is, can be enforced by finitely many local constraints. This extends some similar previous results (Mozes’90, GoodmanStrauss’98) in a much shorter presentation.

In this paper we consider tiling {p, q} of the Euclidean space and of the hyperbolic space, and its dual graph Γ q,p from a combinatorial point of view. A substitution σ q,p on an appropriate finite alphabet is constructed. The homogeneity of graph Γ q,p and its generation function are the basic tools for the construction. The tree associated with substitution σ q,p is a spanning tree of graph ...

The problem to replace a word with a synonym that fits well in its sentential context is known as the lexical substitution task. In this paper, we tackle this task as a supervised ranking problem. Given a dataset of target words, their sentential contexts and the potential substitutions for the target words, the goal is to train a model that accurately ranks the candidate substitutions based on...

We present a new system of intersection types for a composition-free calculus of explicit substitutions with a rule for garbage collection, and show that it characterizes those terms which are strongly normalizing. This system extends previous work on the natural generalization of the classical intersection types system, which characterized head normalization and weak normalization, but was not...

Naturally occurring nucleos(t)ide analogue resistance (NUCr) substitution frequencies in the reverse transcriptase (RT) of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) were studied extensively after the clinical approval of nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs; year of approval 1998). We aimed to study NUCr substitutions in HBV RT sequences obtained before 1998 and better understand the evolution of RT sequences witho...

in the first part of this work, correlation between optical activity and elements of magnetic susceptibility tensor (mst) for five classes of model small molecules containing a single chiral center has been studied using quantum computational techniques at dft-b3lyp level of theory with 6-311g basis set. several molecular properties are used to reduce the mst elements prior to the examination o...

Substitutions of tetravalent early actinides (Th – Am) and Ce into the ceramic nuclear waste form zirconolite, CaZrTi2O7, have been analysed using hybrid Density Functional Theory in conjunction with Periodic Electrostatic Embedded Cluster Method. on to both Zr4+ Ca2+ sites were modelled, Fe3+ Al3+ used for charge balancing. The mean displacements a central region ions cluster indicated redox b...

The λ-calculus has been much used to study the theory of substitution in logical systems and programming languages. However, with explicit substitutions, it is possible to get finer properties with respect to gradual implementations of substitutions as effectively done in runtimes of programming languages. But the theory of explicit substitutions has some defects such as non-confluence or the n...

A primitive, aperiodic substitution on d letters has at most d asymptotic orbits; this bound is sharp. Since asymptotic arc components in tiling spaces associated with substitutions are in 1-1 correspondence with asymptotic words, this provides a bound for those as