Following an analysis of the relation between a standard Steindlian model of stagnation and Steindl’s own analysis, we modify the standard model by introducing endogenous changes in the markup and a reformulation of the investment function. These extensions, which address significant weaknesses of the standard model, find support in Steindl’s writing and leave intact some of Steindl’s key resul...

The stagnation of biomedical research funding in the US is placing great pressure on the research enterprise. It is time to consider some radical solutions.

In this paper, we show that underemployment and not necessarily high unemployment becomes the main measure of economic slack in labor market under secular stagnation. Specifically, involuntary form a persistent shortfall working hours occurs search matching model, provided households derive utility from holding wealth, quickly dominates total employment gap Conventional policy measures aimed at...

Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) (Deepalakshmi & Radhakrishnan, 2009; Sharma & Kotecha, 2011; Sharma, Karkhanawala, & Kotecha, 2011) is a meta-heuristic, suitable for optimized solutions to routing problem in Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs). ACO based algorithms are fully distributed, self-organizing, fault tolerant, and intrinsically adapts to changing traffic patterns. However, if the best path i...