The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of oral cyclodextrin-based formulation on both the apparent solubility and intestinal permeability of lipophilic drugs. The apparent solubility of the lipophilic drug dexamethasone was measured in the presence of various HPβCD levels. The drug's permeability was measured in the absence vs. presence of HPβCD in the rat intestinal perfusion ...

Petroleum hydrocarbon residues in weathered soils may pose risks to humans through the ingestion pathway. To understand the factors controlling their gastrointestinal (GI) absorption, a newly developed experimental extraction protocol was used to model the GI solubility of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) residues in highly weathered soils from different sites. The GI solubility of TPH residue...

A model based on solubility parameters is proposed to predict the solubility curves of antihelmintic drugs at several temperatures, including aqueous and non-aqueous mixtures. The solubility of the drugs was measured in ethanol-water and ethanol-ethyl acetate mixtures at 15-35 degrees C (mebendazole) and at 25 degrees C (thiabendazole and metronidazole). The solid phases were analyzed by differ...

Two milk protein concentrates powders with 80% protein content (MPC80) were reconstituted with either water or permeate at 4C or 37C to contain 3.5% protein content. Samples were homogenized at 0 or 13800 kPa. The objective of this research was to determine how different solubility measures such as solubility index, soluble solids and particle size were affected by powder source, reconstitution...

This paper presents trends in the high pressure solubility measurements of long chain saturated methyl esters (methyl decanoate, methyl dodecanoate, methyl tetradecanoate, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl octadecanoate and methyl docosanoate) in supercritical ethane between 313 K and 353 K and for mass fractions between 0.65 and 0.018. The data shows generally a linear relationship between the solu...

Polymers differ from low molecular weight compounds in a number of ways; among them are (i) the comparatively low thermal expansivities and compressibilities of their melts at higher temperatures, (ii) the frequent occurence of solidification to a glass instead of a crystal at low temperatures, and (iii) the fact that even chemically uniform polymer samples normally consist of a large number of...

Responsive polymeric assemblies and hybrid superstructures fabricated from stimuli-sensitive polymers and inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have been the subject of extensive investigations during the past few decades due to their distinct advantages such as an improved water solubility, stimuli-responsiveness, excellent biocompatibility, and facile introduction of functional units. In addition, th...

The nature of empirical allometric expressions relating dispositional and kinetic parameters for a given xenobiotic across multiple mammalian species is well known. It has also been demonstrated that a simple allometric relationship may be used to predict kinetic parameters for humans based merely on data for multiple xenobiotics from rats. We decided to explore reasons for the variance in the ...

We investigate the properties of geometrically modified water models by performing molecular dynamics simulations of perturbations of the extended simple point charge (SPC/E) model of water over a wide range of temperatures at 1 bar. The geometric modification consists of altering the H-O-H angle in SPC/E. The dipole moment is held constant by altering the O-H bond length, while the electrostat...

Fluorescence labelling of an intracellular biomolecule in native living cells is a powerful strategy to achieve in-depth understanding of the biomolecule's roles and functions. Besides being nontoxic and specific, desirable labelling probes should be highly cell permeable without nonspecific interactions with other cellular components to warrant high signal-to-noise ratio. While it is critical,...