Retention of residual skills for persons who partially lose their cognitive or physical ability is of utmost importance. Research is focused on developing systems that provide need-based assistance for retention of such residual skills. This paper describes a novel cognitive collaborative control architecture CA, designed to address the challenges of developing needbased assistance for wheelcha...

Manufacturing industries are currently transforming, most notably through the introduction of advanced machinery and increasing degrees of automation. This has caused a shift in skills required, calling for a skills gap to be filled. Learning technology needs to embrace this change and with this contribution, we propose a process model for learning by experience to understand and explain learni...

Delivery of mental health care relies upon professionals with the latest evidence upon which to base their care. This research reports on a pre-test/post-test evaluation of a four-week education program delivered to Pacific Island participants (n = 18) to enhance knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs). The education program used a combination of formal lectures, tutorials, clinical visits, sim...

Reinforcement is a cornerstone for treating adaptive skills and eliminating problem behaviors for persons evincing mental retardation. To effectively use reinforcement, professionals must find reinforcers that are most effective for each individual. Establishing reinforcers is particularly important for persons functioning in the severe and profound ranges of mental retardation as reinforcers a...

there is no doubt that people need counseling. the variety of problems that persons are faced with during their lives such as disturbances, maladjustments in family, school, college, factory, organization and society financial, social, educational, vocational, personal, health,marriage problems the discrepancy between the abilities and skills with the branches of education, especially with job ...

Savant syndrome is a rare, but extraordinary, condition in which persons with serious mental disabilities, including autistic disorder, have some 'island of genius' which stands in marked, incongruous contrast to overall handicap. As many as one in 10 persons with autistic disorder have such remarkable abilities in varying degrees, although savant syndrome occurs in other developmental disabili...

This article describes the blood clotting disorder of hemophilia, including its transmission, incidence, and physical and psychosocial effects. The epidemiology of persons with both hemophilia and HIV are discussed, as well as HIV's rapid spread due to contaminated blood products and the mechanisms commonly used to cope with HIV infection. Specific suggestions on occupational therapy interventi...

Adult persons with multiple personality disorder have survived a traumatic past. After diagnosis and the initiation of psychotherapy, they frequently face a long and arduous treatment process. During this time, intense emotions and memories are retrieved that can disrupt functional life skills in an already disjointed life. The stresses of life combine with therapeutic issues to perpetuate the ...

The Behavioural Assessment Scale (BAS) was developed to assess adaptive functioning in older persons with severe cognitive impairment. Previous research has demonstrated that BAS items can be rescored as 3 factor-based subscales entitled Daily Living Skills, Communication and Social Skills, and Problem Behavior, or as a global functioning aggregate. Normative information on these subscales is m...