BACKGROUND Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) is being applied to health outcome measures developed as paper-and-pencil (P&P) instruments. Differences in how respondents answer items administered by CAT vs. P&P can increase error in CAT-estimated measures if not identified and corrected. METHOD Two methods for detecting item-level mode effects are proposed using Bayesian estimation of poster...

Helical milling with the advantages of stable machining process, a well-machined surface quality, etc., is an interest researchers and producers. Machined roughness (arithmetic mean deviation (Ra) maximum height assessed profile (Rz)) power consumption as two main characteristic parameters were studied chosen response factors to evaluate machinability Scots pine helical milling. Input variables...

The objective of this study is to construct a regime diagram for laminar flames stabilized behind flame holders with respect the presence recirculation zone (RZ), trend heat loss burner, and flow strain curvature effects. This achieved by varying radius cylindrical holder mixture velocity between flashback limit blow-off at fixed equivalence ratio. It found that all holders, RZ vortex not prese...

Escherichia coli strain 397c carries a temperature-sensitive mutation, rpoC397, that removes the last 50 amino acids of the RNA polymerase beta' subunit and is nonpermissive for plating of bacteriophage P2. P2 gor mutants productively infect 397c and define a new gene, lysC, encoded by a reading frame that extensively overlaps the P2 lysis accessory gene, lysB. The unusual location of lysC with...

Realizability is an interpretation of intuitionistic logic which subsumes the Curry-Howard interpretation of propositions as types, because it allows the realizers to use computational effects such as non-termination, store and exceptions. Therefore, we can use realizability as a framework for program development and extraction which allows any style of programming, not just the purely function...

In a recent paper, P.G. Trotter and the author introduced a \regular" semidirect product UV of e-varieties U and V. Among several speciic situations investigated there was the case V = RZ, the e-variety of right zero semigroups. Applying a covering theorem of McAlister, it was shown there that in several important cases (for instance for the e-variety of inverse semigroups), U RZ is precisely t...

The authors model and characterise the performance of 10 Gbit/s 4-ary amplitude shift keying (ASK) systems in dispersive environments at 1550 nm. Both non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ) formats are examined, with comparisons to on-off keying (OOK) in each case. Both single amplified links and cascaded fibre-amplifier links are modelled. While 4-ary ASK systems suffer a back-to-bac...

Abstract. In the joint work [RZ] of T. Rivoal and the author, a hypergeometric construction was proposed for studing arithmetic properties of the values of Dirichlet’s beta function β(s) at even positive integers. The construction gives some bonuses [RZ], Section 9, for Catalan’s constant G = β(2), such as a second-order Apéry-like recursion and a permutation group in the sense of G. Rhin and C...

(so-called rY values). The suggested ‘‘correction’’ method makes an a priori detrending of the rY series and then extends the linear regression between rY and sunspot numbers established for the last 25 years to earlier times. The suggested ‘‘correction’’ of sunspot numbers by roughly 30% goes far beyond the traditional estimates of observational uncertainties of sunspots. Concentrating here on...

Hungry leeches, Hirudo medicinalis, ingest blood meals averaging 890% of their mass in 29 min. Ingestion is terminated as a result of distension of the body: experimentally distending leeches as they feed causes an immediate cessation of ingestion and inhibits any subsequent biting behaviour; if distension is circumvented by various experimental procedures, leech ingestive periods are prolonged...