We analyze a model of moral hazard in local public services, which could be efficiently managed by officials under democratic accountability, but not who are appointed the ruler centralized autocracy. The might prefer to retain an official diverted resources from services contributed part benefit ruler. autocratic would value better only when residents reduce taxable investments, become unprofi...

We describe a theory ECG of “Euclidean constructive geometry”. Things that ECG proves to exist can be constructed with ruler and compass. ECG permits us to make constructive distinctions between different forms of the parallel postulate. We show that Euclid’s version, which says that under certain circumstances two lines meet (i.e., a point of intersection exists) is not constructively equivale...

Plato in Theory of Philosopher-King believes that all of the members of ideal city-state, whether ruler or citizens, will attain happiness if the philosopher is the ruler. But there are paradoxes in the theory and the bases of the happiness are unstable too. In other words, Plato in his theory presents hierarchical dualities (Intelligible/Visible world, Episteme/ Doxa,True/ Untrue Or Shadow, …)...

An Informative Rule Set (IRS) is the smallest subset of an association rule set such that it has the same prediction sequence by confidence priority [9]. The problem of maintenance of IRS is a process by which, given a transaction database and its IRS, when the database receives insertion, deletion, or modification, we wish to maintain the IRS as efficiently as possible. Based on the Fast UPdat...

The need for high speed communications networks has led the research communities and industry to develop reliable, scalable transatlantic and transpacific fiber-optic communication links. In this paper the optimum Golomb ruler based 2D OCDMA codes has been demonstrated. An OCDMA system based on the discussed 2D codes is designed and simulated on Optisystem. The encoder and decoder structure of ...