Monitoring rules in a distributed active database involves three design issues: how to decompose rules, how to distribute rules to sites, and how to evaluate distributed rules correctly. In this paper, we study these three issues for complicated rules, which are complex and time-consuming to evaluate. We propose a new relational operator, AND, and the associated algebraic manipulations of this ...

Image Understanding (IU) concerns the issues of how to interpret images. Knowledge-based image understanding studies the theory and techniques of computational image understanding, which uses explicit, independent knowledge about the images, such as their context and objects in them, as well as knowledge about the imaging system. Two related disciplines, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Image P...

There is continuously increasing interest in research on multi-sensor data fusion technology. Because Dempster's rule of combination can be problematic when dealing with conflicting data, there are numerous issues that make data fusion a challenging task, including the exponential explosion, Zadeh Paradox, and one-vote veto. These issues lead to a great difference between the fusion results and...

We introduce a tractable multi-issue model of electoral competition in which candidates are exogenously committed to particular positions on a subset of issues, while they can choose a sequence of binary positions for the remaining issues to maximize their winning probability. A majorityefficient position is defined as one where a candidate cannot make a majority of the electorate better off, t...

Thisarticle first reviews the history of political science teaching in Europebefore going on to consider a range of recent developments in the teaching of politicalscience, including cross-national joint programmers; technologically enhancedlearning; placement learning and problem-based learning. The last sectionconsiders a range of issues facing political science teachers, includingfinancial p...

designing an effective criterion for selecting the best rule is a major problem in theprocess of implementing fuzzy learning classifier (flc) systems. conventionally confidenceand support or combined measures of these are used as criteria for fuzzy rule evaluation. in thispaper new entities namely precision and recall from the field of information retrieval (ir)systems is adapted as alternative...

The interplay of mass and elite opinion raises theoretical issues about democratic rule, as well as practical issues surrounding the proper formation and implementation of public policy. Many argue that mass opinion is the product of largely unreflective judgments. When complex or technical issues are at stake, such as those involved in the reform of America’s health care system, popular input ...

INTRODUCTION The Ottawa Knee Rule is a validated clinical decision rule for determining whether knee radiographs should be obtained in the setting of acute knee trauma. The objectives of this study were to assess physician knowledge of, barriers to implementation of, and compliance with the Ottawa Knee Rule in academic emergency departments (EDs), and evaluate whether patient characteristics pr...

globalization is the most obvious aspect of epoch after national government. globalization is a new phenomenon which is aim to alter the world and united all creatures under a rule and limiting its domination on the world and governmental sovereignty. globalization in continues of governments power limitation and enfeebling the political borders and national sovereignty. in this article factors...