The character sets used in China and Taiwan are both Chinese, but they are divided into simplified and traditional Chinese characters. There are large amount of information exchange between China and Taiwan through books and Internet. To provide readers a convenient reading environment, the character conversion between simplified and traditional Chinese is necessary. The conversion between simp...

This paper investigates the strength of the local attachment preference in syntactic ambiguity resolution, based on a study of a novel ambiguity for which the predictions of local attachment contrast with the predictions of a wide range of other ambiguity resolution principles. In sentences of the form “Because Rose praised the recipe I made...” we show that the ambiguous clause “I made“ is pre...

1. Scope vs. Lexical Theory of Even The English focus particle even is known to introduce a scalar presupposition (ScalarP) given in (1); Alan even saw [Bill]F presupposes that ‘that Bill saw Alan’ is the least-likely proposition among alternatives (LeastP). In contexts where negative polarity items (NPIs) such as any can occur, we observe ambiguity; I doubt that Alan even saw [Bill]F is ambigu...

Both the odds ratio and the relative risk compare the relative likelihood of an event occurring between two groups. The relative risk is easier to interpret and is consistent with general intuition. Some designs, however, allow only for the calculation of the odds ration. Covariate adjustment is easier for an odds ratio. Finally, the odds ratio avoids ambiguity by being invariant to lthe labeli...

Given this ambiguity, it is no wonder that one comes across all kinds of definitions of Arendt’s political stance. One of these is characterizations is “radical conservative”, the title of a recent book by the late Irving Horowitz. And indeed, there are interesting and significant overlaps in Arendt’s thought with conservative thinking. As Margaret Canovan has also argued, despite Arendt’s prev...

A characteristic of natural language is that there are many different ways to express a statement: several meanings can be contained in a single text and the same meaning can be conveyed by different texts. Understanding entailment becomes cruvial to understanding natural language. Natural language inference constitutes an effective way to evaluate machine reading algorithms. It is an interesti...

In this paper we present some heuristics for resolving coordination ambiguities. This type of ambiguity is one of the most pervasive and challenging. We test the hypothesis that the most likely reading of a coordination can be predicted using word distribution information from a generic corpus. The measures that we use are: the relative frequency of the coordination in the corpus, the distribut...