Accumulating evidence indicates that the Cbl protein plays a negative role in immune receptor signaling; however, the mode of Cbl action in B cell receptor (BCR) signaling still remains unclear. DT40 B cells deficient in Cbl showed enhanced BCR-mediated phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma2 activation, thereby leading to increased apoptosis. A possible explanation for the involvement of Cbl in PLC-gamma...

Surface IgM (sIgM) stimulation induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple cellular substrates, including phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma 2, which is involved in the activation of phosphatidylinositol pathway. DT40 B cells underwent apoptotic cell death when activated through sIgM, a phenomenon that is related to elimination of self-reactive B cells. To examine the roles of PLC-gamma 2 in sIgM...

Rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons express low-threshold noninactivating M-type potassium channels (I(K(M))), which can be inhibited by activation of M(1) muscarinic receptors (M(1) mAChR) and bradykinin (BK) B(2) receptors. Inhibition by the M(1) mAChR agonist oxotremorine methiodide (Oxo-M) is mediated, at least in part, by the pertussis toxin-insensitive G-protein Galpha(q) (Caulfi...

Phospholipase C-gamma 1 (PLC-gamma 1) was treated with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease (V8) and the digestion products were analysed with site-specific antibodies. V8 treatment generated three immunodetectable PLC-gamma 1 fragments of 120, 97, and 39 kDa. The 39 kDa fragment is derived from the C-terminus of PLC-gamma 1 and includes the conserved Y domain present in all PLC isoenzymes. The 12...

Expression of G protein-regulated phospholipase C (PLC)b4 in the retina, lateral geniculate nucleus, and superior colliculus implies that PLC b4 may play a role in the mammalian visual process. A mouse line that lacks PLC b4 was generated and the physiological significance of PLC b4 in murine visual function was investigated. Behavioral tests using a shuttle box demonstrated that the mice lacki...

Two chitinases, designated PLC-A and PLC-B, were purified from the leayes of pokeweed (Pltytolacea americana) using DEAE-cellulose column chromatography followed by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75, hydrephobic column chromatography, and ion-exchange FPLC. PLC-A and PLC-B are acidic and basic proteins haying molecular masses of 2S and 29 kDa, and isoelectric points of 3.7 and 9.5, respectiyely. ...

Abstract Background New tools capable of dynamic assessment the varying burden Clostridioides difficile infections are required to mitigate increased patient morbidity, mortality, and health costs. Wastewater (WW)-based epidemiology (WBE) is an emerging science, enabling comprehensive, inclusive, unbiased populations, spatially temporally. We sought detect, quantify track C. across a range scal...

Surface IgM (slgM) stimulation induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple cellular substrates, including phospholipase C (PLC)-'~/2, which is involved in the activation ofphosphatidyhnositol pathway. DT40 B cells underwent apoptotic cell death when activated through slgM, a phenomenon that is related to elimination of self-reactive B cells. To examine the roles of PLC-~/2 in slgM signalin...

20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD), a bioactive compound extracted from ginseng, possesses cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiestrogenic, anticancer and anxiolytic effects. However, the clinical application of PPD is limited by its weak aqueous solubility. In this study, we optimized an efficient method of preparing its phospholipid complex (PPD-PLC) using a central composite de...

GPI-PLC (glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C) is expressed in bloodstream-form Trypanosoma brucei, a protozoan that causes human African trypanosomiasis. Loss of genes encoding GPI-PLC reduces the virulence of a pleomorphic strain of the parasite, for reasons that are not clear. In the present paper, we report that GPI-PLC stimulates endocytosis of transferrin by 300-500%. Sur...