We predict phase-transitions in the quantum noise characteristics of systems described by the quantum nonlinear Schrödinger equation, showing them to be related to the solitonic field transition at half the fundamental soliton amplitude. These phase-transitions are robust with respect to Raman noise and scattering losses. We also describe the rich internal quantum noise structure of the soliton...

The formation of multi-soliton configurations in Bose-condensed alkali-metal atoms is analyzed by using the nonpolynomial Schordinger equation. A train of bright solitons is obtained from an axially homogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate by a sudden change of the scattering length from repulsive to attractive. We derive an analytical expression for the number of bright solitons generated by using...

We review recent experimental and theoretical work on the creation of bright matter wave solitons in Bose–Einstein condensates. In two recent experiments, solitons are formed from Bose–Einstein condensates of 7Li by utilizing a Feshbach resonance to switch from repulsive to attractive interactions. The solitons are made to propagate in a one-dimensional potential formed by a focused laser beam....

We have examined the rational solitons in the Generalized Coupled Mode model for a deep nonlinear Bragg grating. These solitons are the degenerate forms of the ordinary solitons and appear at the transition lines in the parameter plane. A simple formulation is presented for the investigation of the bifurcations induced by detuning the carrier wave frequency. The analysis yields among others the...

We address surface soliton complexes formed at the edge of annular guiding structures containing several concentric rings. Such soliton complexes feature a p-phase difference between neighboring spots. It is shown that the multipole-mode solitons can rotate steadily upon propagation, and the existence domain is strongly affected by the rotation frequency. The rotation may enhance the stabilizat...

We propose a comprehensive experimental and theoretical approach to a new state of light bearing strong analogies with the phenomena of superruidity and superconductivity. This is of interest in its own right but will also allow detailed studies of the dynamics of second order phase transitions, a subject which has recently attracted considerable interest, including mention in the '96 Nobel pri...

We consider staggered dark solitons admitted by the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation with focusing cubic nonlinearity. In particular, we focus on the study of dark solitons with several holes characterized by the number of zeros in the uncoupled case. Such structures reveal interesting behaviors, such as stable intersite dark solitons. All of the structures have no counterpart in the str...

We report the first experimental observation of discrete solitons in an array of optically induced waveguides. The waveguide lattice is induced in real time by illuminating a photorefractive crystal with a pair of interfering plane waves. We demonstrate two types of bright discrete solitons: in-phase self-localized states and the staggered (pi out-of-phase) soliton family. This experiment is th...

We study the evolution of dark spatial solitons by chi((2)): chi((2)) cascaded nonlinearity. The generation and evolution of solitons pairs by the optical branching effect is investigated. It is shown that the number of solitons pairs and the transverse velocity of a given pair depend on the parameters of the input beam. We also investigate the hollows generated in a beam with a uniform backgro...

We report the first experimental and theoretical demonstrations of in-band (or embedded) lattice solitons. Such solitons appear in trains, and their propagation constants reside inside the first Bloch band of a square lattice, different from all previously observed solitons. We show that these solitons bifurcate from Bloch modes at the interior high-symmetry X points within the first band, wher...