Introduction: The routine use of a calibration phantom that fits easily into a breast coil could provide the basis for standardization and patient-specific calibration of breast MRI. Here, we use a phantom to correct the variable flip angles in a T1 measurement. This increases the accuracy of T1 and contrast media concentration measurements obtained with a clinically employed T1-weighted dynami...

The aim of this study was to develop a phantom and analysis software that could be used to quickly and accurately determine the location of radiation isocenter to an accuracy of less than 1 mm using the EPID (Electronic Portal Imaging Device). The proposed solution uses a collimator setting of 10 × 10 cm2 to acquire EPID images of a new phantom constructed from LEGO blocks. Images from a number...

Background: Attenuation coefficient (μ) plays an important role in calculations of treatment planning systems, as well as determination of dose distributions in external beam therapy, dosimetry, protection, phantom materials and industry. So, its exact measurement or calculation is very important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the μ in different points in the water phantom anal...

We present an experimental validation of a kilovoltage (kV) X-ray source characterization model in an anthropomorphic phantom to estimate patient-specific absorbed dose from kV cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging procedures and compare these doses to nominal weighted CT-dose index (CTDIw) dose estimates. We simulated the default Varian on-board imager 1.4 (OBI) default CBCT imaging pro...

High-precision radiotherapy planning and quality assurance require accurate dosimetric and geometric phantom measurements. Phantom design requires materials with mechanical strength and resilience, and dosimetric properties close to those of water over diagnostic and therapeutic ranges. Plastic Water Diagnostic Therapy (PWDT: CIRS, Norfolk, VA) is a phantom material designed for water equivalen...

PURPOSE This work aims at assessing, through experimental measurements and Monte Carlo calculations, the scatter to primary ratio (SPR) for the micro-CT subsystem of the FLEX Triumph preclinical PET-CT scanner to improve its quantitative capabilities. METHODS Experimental measurements were carried out using the single blocker method, where five cylindrical blockers with diameters ranging betw...

Clear gel ballistic phantom is used in medical physics to model the interaction of soft biological tissues with radiation. With emergence of new technologies like nanomedicine utilizing nanoparticles injected into the tumor and activated by optical radiation, it is important to study the optical properties of those particles injected into the gel phantom. For this purpose, we present the result...

The ionization energy of ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$ has been determined experimentally from measurements involving two-photon Doppler-free vacuum-ultraviolet pulsed laser excitation and near-infrared continuous-wave to yield ${E}_{\mathrm{I}}({\mathrm{D}}_{2})=124\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}745.393\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}739(26) {\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. From this value, the dissociation is...

  Introduction: Geometric distortion is a major shortcoming of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which has an important influence on the accuracy of volumetric measurements, an important parameter in neurology and oncology. Our goal is to design and construct a new three- dimensional phantom using a 3D printer in order to measure geometric distortion and its reproducibility in...

This study aims to evaluate the automated measurement of slice sensitivity profile (SSP) on American Association Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) computed tomography (CT) performance phantom for variations thickness and field view (FOV). The AAPM CT was scanned using a Philips MRC 880 Scanner FOV. values were 1, 3, 5 mm. FOV 240, 300, 340, 400, 440 SSPs their fullwidth at half maximums (FWHMs) aut...