The erroneous assumption that herbal products is generally safe for consumption, a major factor leading to the increased of herb-induced liver injury (HILI). Even though Laurus nobilis or laurel commonly used spice, safety aspect its consumption under-studied. To bridge this gap knowledge, mutagenicity, acute toxicity, and subacute toxicity LAURESH®, which standardized leaf extract were evaluat...

AIMS To determine the relation of the inhalation and dermal exposure routes and mutagenic activity in the urine of rubber workers (n = 105). METHODS Mutagenic activity of ambient total suspended particulate matter (TSPM), surface contamination wipes, and Sunday and weekday urine samples was assessed with S typhimurium YG1041 in the presence of a metabolic activation system. Each subject was g...

Continuous culture systems allow for the controlled growth of microorganisms over a long period time. Here, we develop novel test mutagenicity that involves growing yeast in continuous exposed to low levels mutagen approximately 20 days. In contrast, most microorganism-based tests expose potential biological reporter at high concentration short Our improves upon sensitivity well-established Ame...

---・-A micronucleus test using BDFi male mice was conducted in order to evaluate the in vive mutagenicity of mofezolac (N-22). N-22 was orally administered at doses of 75, 150, 300 arid 600 mglkg, with a sampling time of 24 hr. The frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei was O,07-O,08% in the groups treated with N-22 and did not differ markedly from that of the vehicle control ...

Insufficient drug safety is one of the major reasons for failure of drug candidates in Phase II and Phase III clinical trials. Determining toxicity early during the drug discovery process can help lower the attrition rate in clinical trials and lead to significant cost savings. In silico approaches can help to prioritize large numbers of compounds quickly and cost effectively in the early phase...

Azathiopnine was without significant mutagenic potential (Table 1, Experiment 1) when exposure of the bacteria to the drug was carried out under the standard procedure developed by Ames et a!. (1, 3). However, when the initial exposure of the bacteria to the test agent was allowed to occur under anaerobic conditions, a mutagenic effect was cleanly demonstrable (Table 1, Experiment 1). This effe...

The mutagenicity of PCBs, Aroclor 1242 and Clophen A60 was studied in a mammalian cell assay using V79 Chinese hamster cells as target cells. The method was used as a direct assay without metabolizing cells and as a cell-mediated assay with 5000 R-irradiated rat fibroblasts as metabolizing cells. A wipe soot sample of a PCB fire was studied in the same assay, and the results showed no mutagenic...

Evaluation of the mutagenicity of trichlorfon pesticide was carried out with strains TA1535, TA100, TA97, TA98 and TA104 of Salmonella typhimurium by means of several assay methods: (i) spot test; (ii) standard plate incorporation test; (iii) plate incorporation test with preincubation; (iv) fluctuation test and (v) fluctuation test with preincubation, with and without post-mitochondrial liver ...

Up to now, publicly available data sets to build and evaluate Ames mutagenicity prediction tools have been very limited in terms of size and chemical space covered. In this report we describe a new unique public Ames mutagenicity data set comprising about 6500 nonconfidential compounds (available as SMILES strings and SDF) together with their biological activity. Three commercial tools (DEREK, ...