Low-intensity (20% of 1-RM) resistance training combined with restriction of muscular venous blood flow (KAATSU training) produces muscle hypertrophy and strength gain (Takarada et al., 2000; 2002). Muscle CSA is increased to a similar degree as traditional high-intensity (HIT, 80% of 1-RM) resistance training when KAATSU training is performed at a similar training volume and frequency (Takarad...

When faced with increased workload the heart undergoes remodelling, where it increases its muscle mass in an attempt to preserve normal function. This is referred as cardiac hypertrophy and if sustained, can lead impaired contractile Experimental evidence supports oxidative stress a critical inducer of both genetic acquired forms hypertrophy, finding which reinforced by elevated levels circulat...

Weber, David S., Petra Rocic, Adamantios M. Mellis, Karine Laude, Alicia N. Lyle, David G. Harrison, and Kathy K. Griendling. Angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy is potentiated in mice overexpressing p22 in vascular smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 288: H37–H42, 2005. First published September 2, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00638.2004.—Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) are imp...

Dynamics between hypertrophy (increase in cell size) and hyperplasia (increase in cell numbers) of white and red muscle in relation to body size [standard length (SL)], and the influence of the first-feeding diets on muscle growth were investigated in Atlantic cod larvae (Gadus morhua). Cod larvae were fed copepod nauplii or rotifers of different nutritional qualities from 4 to 29 days post hat...

Muscle hypertrophy and atrophy occur frequently as a result of mechanical loading or unloading, with implications for clinical, general, and athletic populations. The effects of muscle hypertrophy and atrophy on force production and joint moments have been previously described. However, there is a paucity of research showing how hypertrophy and atrophy may affect moment arm (MA) lengths. The pu...

BACKGROUND Periodization is an important component of resistance training programs. It is meant to improve adherence to the training regimen, allow for constant progression, help in avoiding plateaus, and reduce occurrence and severity of injuries. Previous findings regarding the effects of different periodization models on measures of muscle hypertrophy are equivocal. To provide a more in-dept...