Clonidine, an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist not only induces analgesia but also prolongs the effects of local anesthetic substances. In the present study the effects of clonidine on spontaneous and formalin-induced electrical activity from dorsal skin nerve were investigated. The results showed that clonidine (0.5 mM) decreased the formalin effect on electrical nerve activity whereas clonidi...

Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage. Due to the fear of pain associated with dental injections, some people avoid, cancel, or fail to appear for dental appointments. Pain and anxiety control are among the most important aspects in local anesthetic administration in dental practice. Administ...

BACKGROUND In addition to local anesthetics, meperidine has been successfully used for local anesthesia. When applied intrathecally, the dorsal horn neurons of the superficial laminae are exposed to high concentrations of meperidine. These cells represent an important point for the transmission of pain information. This study investigated the blocking effects of meperidine on different ionic cu...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to assess the utilization of local anesthetics by emergency physicians (EP) and pediatric physicians (PP) who performed a lumbar puncture (LP) in pediatric patients from birth to 24 months of age. METHODS We conducted a prospective study of children that received an LP at a university tertiary referring hospital. A convenience sample included childre...

Batrachotoxin (BTX) stabilizes the voltage-gated Na(+) channels in their open conformation, whereas local anesthetics (LAs) block Na(+) conductance. Site-directed mutagenesis has identified clusters of common residues at D1-S6, D3-S6, and D4-S6 segments within the alpha-subunit Na(+) channel that are critical for binding of these two types of ligands. In this report, we address whether segment ...