We investigate out-of-equilibrium stationary processes emerging in a Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger chain in contact with a heat reservoir (a bath) at temperature TL and a pure dissipator (a sink) acting on opposite edges. We observe two different regimes. For small heat-bath temperatures TL and chemical-potentials, temperature profiles across the chain display a non-monotonous shape, remain re...

[1] Different schemes have been used to represent the vertical coherence of clouds for radiation and cloud microphysics in general circulation models and for photolysis in photochemical transport models. Here, we examine the maximum-random overlap scheme, the random overlap scheme, and a linear scheme (linear scaling of the cloud optical depth in a grid box with cloud fraction) and evaluate the...

A multicomponent luminescent sensor system is described that uses probe species with constant lifetimes to generate an analyte-dependent change in the apparent sensor lifetime. This new sensing scheme not only allows for lifetime-based measurement techniques to be applied to sensors that employ static quenching interactions but also provides the ability to vary the sensitivity of the sensor sys...

the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of management dimensions of fan relationship on fan lifetime value in iran football premier league. the research method was developmental with regard to the aim and exploratory considering the nature of the study. the data were gathered through interviews, observation, review of the related literature and questionnaires. the statistical popula...

the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum (harris) is one of the most important pests of pea throughout the world.host stage preference under choice and no-choice tests and age-specific functional response of praon volucre (haliday) parasitizing a. pisum were investigated. the experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions at 25 ± 1 °c, 60 ± 5% rh and a photoperiod of 14: 10 h (l: d). functi...

We present a theory for reasoning compositionally about behavioural interfaces for class-based object-oriented programs. Our contribution is an axiomatic characterisation of unbounded object creation in terms of communication traces over the visible operations of a class (its signature). This involves an abstraction from the actual explicit creation of objects. We apply our proof method to the ...