UNLABELLED Lead exposure is a global environmental problem inducing lifelong adverse health effects. Children's exposure to lead, from birth to 6 months, is typically dominated by dietary sources. The first primary mandibular molar could provide an integrated record of lead exposure. The aim of this study is to detect the level of lead in the first primary molar of a group of Lebanese children ...

BACKGROUND Sexual dimorphism represents a group of morphologic characteristics that differentiate a male from a female. Among these dimorphic traits, tooth size has been evaluated in various populations for its interest in anthropologic and forensic applications. Recent studies have shown that dental dimorphism is population-specific and that the most dimorphic tooth is the mandibular canine. I...

The present study was undertaken to examine the morphometric characteristics of lumbar vertebrae, lumbar intervertebral discs and some important related angles in Lebanese adult females. The subjects of this study were thirty Lebanese adult females aged between 18-22 years. The subjects were selected among students of the faculty of health sciences, Beirut Arab University. Two plain radiographi...

BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a debilitating medical and emerging public health problem that is affecting people worldwide due to a multitude of factors including both domestic and war-related acts. The objective of this paper is to systematically review the status of TBI in Lebanon - a Middle Eastern country with a weak health system that was chartered by several wars and intermit...

This research examines the image of a Lebanese tourist destination, city Tyre. In order to detect and analyze existing differences between complex as perceived by destination’s visitors desired municipality, two complementary studies were carried out.

Lebanon has been considered a sample of Europe in the Middle East, and it is surprising to have an Islamic resistance against Israel in this small modern country. The Islamic Resistance was, at the beginning, portrayed as having a very different ideology from that of the neighboring countries of the Middle East. This Resistance was established on the basis of being a resistance model for the fr...

Invasive infections due to Pseudomonas stutzeri have rarely been described and mainly occur in immunocompromised individuals. We report a case of infective endocarditis caused by P. stutzeri after previous cardiac surgery in a Lebanese patient with Marfan syndrome. We review the literature and conclude that this pathogen may be of particular medical relevance in the Mediterranean Basin.

1 UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6015, INSERM U1083, MITOVASC, University of Angers, Angers, France, 2 University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France, 3 Reference Center for Rare Disease of Thyroid and Hormone Receptors, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France, 4 Faculty of Sciences III, Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School of Scienc...

In a recent paper, Chmaisse et al,1 reported the association between polymorphism of intracellular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1) and Behçet’s disease (BD) in the Lebanese population. The substitution at nucleotide 469 of ICAM-1 that occurs in exon 6 of the gene, results in a change from lysine (K) to glutamic acid (E). The authors included 39 Lebanese patients diagnosed with BD and 32 controls ...

AIM To determine the phenotypes and predominant disease-causing mutations in Lebanese patients with Wilson's disease, as compared to regional non-European data. METHODS The clinical profile of 36 patients diagnosed in Lebanon was studied and their mutations were determined by molecular testing. All patients underwent full physical exam, including ophthalmologic slit-lamp examination ultrasoun...