We describe a multimodal microscope for visualizing processive enzymes moving on immobilized substrates. The instrument combines interference reflection microscopy (IRM) with multi-wavelength total internal reflectance fluorescence (TIRFM). can localize quantum dots precision of 2.8 nm at 100 frames/s, and was used to image the dynamics cellulase, Cel7a interacting surface-immobilized cellulose...

Background; Enzymes are well known as sensitive catalysts in the laboratory and industrial scale. To improve their properties and for using their significant potential in various reactions as a useful catalyst the stability of enzymes can often require improvement. Enzymes Immobilization on solid supports such as epoxy- functionalized ferric silica nanocomposite can be effective way to improve ...

Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers. In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composi...

We describe the use of immobilized enzymes in assay methods for the determination of glucose with glucose oxidase, uric acid with uricase, and urea with urease in serum samples. The enzyme reactor tubes were adapted to continuous-flow analyzers (Technicon AA II, SMA 12/60, and SMAC) used in routine laboratory determinations, and results with their use were compared to those from assays involvin...

Although there have been a long history of studying and using immobilized enzymes, little has been reported regarding the nature of immobilized cofactors. Herein we report that cofactor NAD(H) covalently attached to silica nanoparticles successfully coordinated with particle-immobilized enzymes and enabled multistep biotransformations. Specifically, silica nanoparticle-attached glutamate dehydr...

A novel technique was adopted using wood waste as a new carrier for adsorption of invertase. The new method improved activity, pH and thermal stability of the immobilized invertase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and was more resistant to washing out by concentrated salt solution (6M NaCl). This result encourages using sawdust as matrix for purification of invertase or may be for other enzymes. O...

Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) are devices that use natural enzymes as catalysts to convert chemical energy from bio-sourced fuels into electrical energy. In this review, we summarize recent research progress and applications in the field of based on immobilized enzymes. Specifically, discuss how optimize improve electrochemical performance operational stability enzymatic through enzyme immobi...

The interaction of two isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase from pig heart muscle (H(4)) and rabbit skeletal muscle (M(4)), with immobilized nucleotides was examined: the effects of pH and temperature on the binding of lactate dehydrogenase were studied with immobilized NAD(+) matrices. The influence of substrate, product and sulphite on the binding of heart muscle lactate dehydrogenase to immob...

Enzymes have several excellent catalytic features, and the last few years seen a revolution in biocatalysis, which has grown from using one enzyme to multiple enzymes cascade reactions, where product of reaction is substrate for subsequent one. However, stability remains an issue despite many benefits system. When are exposed harsh process conditions, deactivation occurs, changes activity enzym...