MOTIVATION Protein motions play an essential role in many biochemical processes. Lab studies often quantify these motions in terms of their kinetics such as the speed at which a protein folds or the population of certain interesting states like the native state. Kinetic metrics give quantifiable measurements of the folding process that can be compared across a group of proteins such as a wild-t...

Sigmoidal or autoactivation kinetics has been observed in vitro for both cytochrome P450- and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase-catalyzed enzymatic reactions. However, the in vivo relevance of sigmoidal kinetics has never been clearly demonstrated. In the current study we investigate the kinetics of valproic acid glucuronide (VPAG) formation both in vivo in adult sheep and in vitro in sheep liver mic...

The increase in proportion of the non-biological (D-) isomer of aspartic acid (Asp) relative to the L-isomer has been widely used in archaeology and geochemistry as a tool for dating. the method has proved controversial, particularly when used for bones. The non-linear kinetics of Asp racemization have prompted a number of suggestions as to the underlying mechanism(s) and have led to the use of...

We present determinant criteria for the preclusion of nondegenerate multiple steady states in networks of interacting species. A network is modeled as a system of ordinary differential equations in which the form of the species formation rate function is restricted by the reactions of the network and how the species influence each reaction. We characterize families of so-called power-law kineti...

We establish the global existence of classical solutions to a generalized chemotaxis model, which includes the volume filling effect expressed through a nonlinear squeezing probability. This novel choice of squeezing probability reflects the elastic properties of cells. Necessary and sufficient conditions for spatial pattern formation are given and the underlying bifurcations are analyzed. In n...

Rop is a four-helix bundle protein composed of two identical helix-loop-helix monomers. Protein folding monitored by stopped-flow fluorescence or CD exhibits biphasic kinetics when folding to low final denaturant concentrations. As the final concentration of denaturant is increased, the amplitude of the fast phase decreases, until at the highest concentrations the kinetics appear monophasic. We...

The impact of calcium hydroxide as an additive in sodium hydroxide- and silicate-activated metakaolin pastes is presented with a primary aim to ascertain the specific effects on reaction kinetics phase formation. FTIR XRD are employed understand interaction (10 wt% replacement metakaolin) 1, 5 10 M NaOH-activated (and equivalent molarity Na2SiO3-activated pastes), focus its nanoscale properties...

We show that the kinetics of nanochain formation of amelogenin molecules is well described by a combination of translational and rotational diffusion of a simplified anisotropic bipolar model consisting of hydrophobic spherical colloid particles and a point charge located on each particle surface. The colloid particles interact via a standard depletion attraction whereas the point charges inter...

We report first-principles studies of hydrogen-related point defects and impurities in LiBH4 and Li4BN3H10, two promising materials for hydrogen storage. In both systems, hydrogen vacancies and interstitials are found to be positively or negatively charged, and hence their formation energies are Fermi-level dependent. One can therefore tailor the formation energies of these point defects hence ...

Kinetic study for different start up conditions of the anaerobic digestion of wastewater derived from the sago processing from tubers of tapioca (Mannihot utillisema) is discussed. The experiment is carried out with synthetic waste water using a tapered fluidized bed reactor. Mesoporous granulated activated carbon is used as a bacterial support. The kinetic model follows half order kinetics for...