AIM Genetic predisposition and some environmental factors play an important role in the development of neural tube defects. Levetiracetam is a new drug that has been approved in the treatment of partial seizures. We aimed in this study to determine the effect of levetiracetam on chick embryos. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and sixty fertile non-pathogenic Super Nick eggs were incubated for...

Campylobacter coli is an important species involved in human cases of enteritis, and chickens are carriers of the pathogen mainly in developing country. The current study aimed to evaluate the transmission of C. coli and its pathogenic effects in chicken embryos. Breeder hens were inoculated intra-esophageally with C. coli isolated from chickens, and their eggs and embryos were analyzed for the...

-During their first year in captivity, summer flounder Parulicthys denratus were induced to spawn with gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) implants, injected carp pituitary extract (CPE) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injections. The percentage of fertile eggs was greatest (-69%) in CPEtreated females. CPE, but not GnRHa or hCG, was capable of stimulating oocyte growth (incre...

There is a growing global demand for human eggs for the treatment of sub-fertile women and for stem cell-related research. This demand provokes concerns for the women providing the eggs, including their possible exploitation, whether they should be paid, whether they can give properly informed consent and whether their eggs and bodies are becoming commodified. However, few of the debates have b...

Uniquely among vertebrates, seahorses and pipefishes (Family Syngnathidae) incubate their eggs within a male brood pouch. This has contributed to a widespread, but poorly founded belief, that the eggs are fertilised using spermatozoa that are deposited directly into the brood pouch via an internal sperm duct. Anatomical dissections showed, however, not only that direct sperm deposition into the...

objective: the objective of this study was to investigate the pathological alterations of methionine for chicken embryo.in recent years, amino acids are used in veterinary medicine for many purposes. they injected into hatching eggs to increase chick body weight and performance at hatch, but the adverse effects of amino acids have always been a major concern. there is scant information availabl...

objective: in recent years, amino acids are used in veterinary medicine for many purposes. they injected into hatching eggs to increase chick body weight and performance at hatch, but the adverse effects of amino acids have always been a major concern. there is scant information available about the pathological alterations of amino acids in the chicken embryonated eggs. the objective of this st...

pathogens are an important and significant hazard for human and animal health. in recent years, antibiotics are used to treat different types of infection caused by bacterial agents. in veterinary medicine, antibiotics injected into hatching eggs to eliminate pathogens and prevention of egg transmission of disease, but the adverse effects of drugs have always been a major concern. there is scan...

Researchers are trying to boost the immune system of poultry birds through use natural immune-stimulants including bee venom. There is a scarcity in literature about venom for ovo injection studies. The aim this study investigate effect two levels freeze-dried (BV) (10 and 20 µg/egg) into eggs Alexandria breeder hens at 18-day incubation on hatchability percentage, hatching weight per egg weigh...

In all animals so far tested, removing either pole of the undivided egg prevents normal development: embryos may arrest early, lack organs, or the adults may be sterile. These experiments have shown that spatial patterning of the egg is of utmost importance for subsequent development. However, the significance of spatial patterning in mammalian eggs is still controversial. To test the importanc...