The NSF-funded Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program has committed itself to examining the linkages between ecosystems and human society, particularly through ecosystem services: naturally-occurring processes and provisions that benefit humankind. Natural scientists have pointed to ecosystem services valuation as being a key tool for drawing societal attention to natural capital, and, in...

www.philadelphiafed.org R eports in the popular press and policymakers’ concerns about student loans have greatly intensified in recent years because of rising student loan balances and defaults. Even greater cause for concern arose as student loans outstanding passed credit card debt to become the single largest nonmortgage household debt in 2012. Worries about the risk of massive default have...

Popular government presupposes the existence of liberty, equality, and justice as its fundamental principles. Theoretically these principles prevail in Michigan. Practically they do not. How is it as to political rights ? One-half of the people, though subject to the laws, have no voice in making those laws. Their right to vote and the right of the people to cast their votes for them is denied....

In this study, demand-side variables affecting the use of institutional finance with small-scale growers roots and tubers profitability in Cameroon's southwest are investigated. Using a multi-step stratified straightforward random sample process, 837 respondents were chosen. study was found that as farm size grows, so does likelihood loan need. A farmer more years farming expertise has opportun...

Livelihood sustainability remains a major challenge for rural households in Northern Ghana. Although farming has traditionally been the core livelihood strategy for most households, diversifying into non-farm activities remains a common livelihood strategy employed to sustain household basic needs, particularly for women, who because of their gender often face challenges in accessing land for f...

Red pepper is a horticulture commodity that has fluctuating prices in the market. The price affected by availability of peppers. Meanwhile, red peppers depends on production activities at farm level. However, farmers require big capital to produce these Inadequate leads low crop production, which common problem among farmers. Farmer financing done overcome this one channelling credit them. Alth...