Remote and virtual laboratories are increasingly prevalent alternatives to the face to face laboratory experience, however the question of their learning outcomes is yet to be fully investigated. There are many presumptions regarding the effectiveness of these approaches; foremost amongst these assumptions is that the experience must be “real” to be effective. Embedding reality into a remote or...

Currents are established on the surface of conductors by the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the insulating material between them. If the load is less than the characteristic impedance of the line, multiple reflections and retransmissions eventually build up the line current to that required by the load. The currents are initially established on the surface of the conductors before diff...

For some classes of embedded devices or sensors the ubiquotous, well researched methods and frameworks for key establishment cannot be deployed because of device constraints. This paper examines and motivates these limitations, which also forms the design criteria for key establishment protocols related to this class of devices. A collection of existing methods are presented, and the paper is c...

The intestinal epithelium constitutes a system of constant and rapid renewal triggered by proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), and is an ideal system for studying cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Primary cell cultures have proven to be promising for unraveling the mechanisms involved in epithelium homeostasis. In 2009, Sato et al. established a long-term primary cul...

Camporesi integrates into his account insights from social and cultural anthropology (not least, Levi-Strauss and Mary Douglas), and maintains a wholesome balance between a concern with the symbolic meaning of the cultural systems of the flesh, food, etc., and, on the other hand, a more materialist account banausically concerned with what people ate, what made them sick, and what they died of. ...

Motivated by the problem of establishing a session key among parties based on the possession of certain credentials only, we discuss a notion of attribute-based key establishment. A number of new issues arise in this setting that are not present in the usual settings of group key establishment where unique user identities are assumed to be publicly available. After detailing the security model,...

The popular Katz-Yung compiler from CRYPTO 2003 can be used to transform unauthenticated group key establishment protocols into authenticated ones. In this paper we present a modification of Katz and Yung’s construction which maintains the round complexity of their compiler, but for ‘typical’ unauthenticated group key establishments adds authentication in such a way that deniability is achieved...

Although numerous studies have found a positive association between density of alcohol establishments and various types of crime, few have examined how neighborhood attributes (e.g., schools, parks) could moderate this association. We used data from Minneapolis, Minnesota with neighborhood as the unit of analysis (n = 83). We examined nine types of crime measured density as total number of esta...

ion function q old-q + cur-q status (?, mark) if cur-q ≠ { } (a) (OK, +) if modes = send and lasts = lastr (b) (OK, #) if modes = send and lasts ∈ inflightrs (c) (lost, +) if modes = send (d) and lasts ∉ (gr ∪ {lastr} ∪ inflightrs) (lost, +) if modes = idle (e) recs/r recs/r The cases of status are exhaustive. Note that we do not want (msg, +) in q if modes = send and lastss ∉ gr, because in th...

Robert D. Holt*, Andrew P. Dobson, Michael Begon, Roger G. Bowers and Eric M. Schauber Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA Department of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Univers...