this paper is an attempt to shed light on how michael ondaatje has tried to rewrite western history in his booker prize-winning novel the english patient (1992). in the light of colonial and postcolonial theories and hayden white’s theory of narrativity of history, which regards historical accounts as metaphorical statements, the researchers try to show how ondaatje challenges the authenticity ...

abounovas is of unique character who has  always stimulates old and new critics to battle against each other as far as each person makes a character for him based on their understanding and special orientation instead of discovering his true  character. to recognize his real character ,however, his biography must be reread and to have a correct and real conclusion we have to refer to  reliable ...

Moldova gained the independence after collapse of USSR. It declared in 27 August 1991. Form this date, have not integrated yet its teritory where ratified by United Nations. Transnistria is under Chisinau government as a de facto state. The Dniester River sperates two governments if tow different states. left bank river Transnistria, on other hand right Moldova. In article why parties been able...

Virtual environments have been valued as being extremely motivating for learners and therefore are employed as an innovative, more accessible framework to deliver education and entertainment to the public. Recent advances in creating videogame applications imbedded with effective learning principles, along with the evolution of human computer interfaces performed within the entertainment indust...

The application of virtual reality to cultural heritage, environment, and landscape planning is extremely useful to experiment various scenarios which could not be necessarily realised in the real world; both for educational and research purposes. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how 3D representations can be utilised as a valid support for urban planners and designers in order to verify...

The issue of the so-called "lived reality" of the contemporary world is largely dependent on the mediation process of "presence", especially on the technology of rapid data transport, covering a space of media reality such as an image of every day’s living space. To explain the relationship between the reality of the mass media and conventional reality of everyday life it is needed to restore c...

in the iranians’ system of thought, the habitable cities had such great importance that their constructions were attributed to the kings especially the sasanians in the historical and geographical works and also in ferdowsi’s shāh-nāme. in the first part, this essay seeks to gather and classify various examples and analyze the construction model of cities and their specifications in ancient ira...