This article describes and verifies a Li-ion cell electrothermal model the associated data analysis process. It is designed to be adaptable provide accurate results across all variations of operating conditions design based only on time-domain voltage, current, temperature measurements. The creation this required an process ensuring consistency in expressing underlying behavior. revealed flexib...

In order to understand the thermal and electrical properties of surge arrester under standard climatic conditions, it would be useful evaluate heating progression in its different elements. These are constituted heterogeneous materials, which have physical nonlinear along arrester. Temperature predicting solutions for zinc oxide ceramic blocks provide fundamental elements electrothermal materia...

In this paper LQG controller for TRMS without and with sensor, actuator failure is designed. Implementation of LQG controller for TRMS is done under no failure of sensor, actuator. TRMS output with LQG controller and reliable H infinity controller are compared without and with sensor, actuator failure. The objective of the proposed technique is to prove the H infinity controller is reliable ove...

In control of vibrations, diffusion and many other problems governed by partial differential equations, there is freedom in the choice of actuator location. The actuator location should be chosen to optimize performance objectives. In this paper, we consider H∞ performance with state-feedback. It is shown that the corresponding optimal actuator problem is wellposed. In practice, approximations ...

the natural frequency and pull-in instability of clamped-clamped nano-actuators in the presence of a dielectric layer are analyzed. the influence of the presence of casimir force, electrostatic force, fringing field effect, axial force, stretching effects and the size effect are taken into account. the governing equation of the dynamic response of the actuator is transformed in a non-dimensiona...

Indirect control of qubits by a quantum actuator has been proposed as an appealing strategy to manipulate qubits that couple only weakly to external fields. While universal quantum control can be easily achieved when the actuator-qubit coupling is anisotropic, the efficiency of this approach is less clear. Here we analyze the time efficiency of quantum actuator control. We describe a strategy t...

A new membrane actuator based on our previous diaphragm actuator was designed and constructed to improve the dynamic performance. The finite element analysis was used to estimate the frequency response of the composite membrane which will be driven close to its resonance to obtain a large stroke. The membrane is made of ferromagnetic shape memory alloy (FSMA) composite including a ferromagnetic...

The aluminium content of several commercially available infant milk formulas was measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Results were compared with those for fresh breast milk, cow's milk, and local tap water. Differences in aluminium concentration of greater than 150-fold were found, with the lowest concentrations in breast milk.