Results of therapeutic trial of diazepam in tetanus are presented. The trial included 200 cases of tetanus167 non-neonates and thirty-three neonates. The patients were divided into two groups and were matched as regards age, sex and severity of the disease. The cases of group I received standard treatment while the cases of group II received diazepam in addition. Over-all mortality in group I w...

In 30 female patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy, we have compared the anxiolytic effect of diazepam 10 mg with placebo, using measurements of cardiovascular (arterial pressure and heart rate), biochemical (plasma concentrations of noradrenaline, adrenaline, cortisol and dopamine beta-hydroxylase), subjective (visual analogue scale) and behavioural (Hamilton anxiety test) variables. Pr...

OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress is a likely molecular mechanism in long-term diazepam administration. The benefits of antioxidants (melatonin and vitamin C) against diazepam-induced cell proliferation, DNA synthesis and oxidative damage were investigated in this study. MATERIALS & METHODS Four equal-sized groups of male rats [control, diazepam (3 mg/kg), diazepam plus melatonin (5 mg/kg) and diaze...

When rats are exposed to unknown environments where novelty and fear-inducing characteristics are present (conflictive environments), some specific behaviors are induced and exploration is apparently modulated by fear. In our laboratory, a new type of plus-maze was designed as a model of conflictive exploration. The maze is composed of four arms with different geometrical characteristics, diffe...

The progression of epileptiform activity following soman (GD) exposure is characterized by a period of excessive cholinergic activity followed by excessive glutamatergic activity resulting in status epilepticus, which may lead to neuropathological damage and behavioral deficits. Caramiphen edisylate is an anticholinergic drug with antiglutamatergic properties, which conceptually may be a benefi...

Non-negligible concentrations of chemicals products are often contained in worldwide wastewaters. Although they can be eco-toxic, generally poorly removed water treatment plants. Their accumulation the environment has become a crucial problem since present serious risk to flora and fauna. An important fraction these molecules pharmaceuticals, including ibuprofen, paracetamol, aspirin, diclofena...

The effects of i.v. diazepam and droperidol both alone and in combination administered as premedication were studied in 240 patients. Relief of anxiety, sedation, lack of recall, acceptance by both patient and physician and side-effects were evaluated. Overall, the combination of droperidol 2.5 mg with diazepam 5 mg produced better ratings of these variables than could be achieved with either d...

The respiratory effects of premedication with i.v. injection of diazepam have been assessed in 10 healthy patients awaiting minor operative procedures. Measurements were recorded before and 60 min after administration of diazepam 0.14 mg kg-1. Mouth occlusion pressure (P 0.1) was used as an index of neuromuscular inspiratory drive. Minute-ventilation (VE), respiratory frequency (f) and mean ins...

to 10 mg of i.v. midazolam for the above procedures, administered by non-anaesthetists. Yet, diazepam seems to be the drug of choice for treating seizures on the ward, when loraze-pam is unavailable. Patients are at increased risk of a lowered consciousness/prolonged post-ictal phase after receiving bolus doses of i.v. diazepam 10 mg. Midazolam may be a better choice in these situations because...

Diazepam has the characteristics of a tumour promoter in a number of in vitro systems. The effect is apparent at concentrations of diazepam which are clinically relevant. Diazepam also accelerated tumour growth in two different experimental animal cancers. Tranquillizer use was found to be greater in women with metastatic breast cancer at the time of diagnosis than in those without metastases. ...