BACKGROUND Water treatment systems are a critical variable in dialysis therapy. Rigorous control of hemodialysis water quality is particularly important in order to guarantee a better quality of life of the hemodialysis patients. The objective of the study was to evaluate the chemical, microbiological quality and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from water and dialysate in a public...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The main purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of peritoneal charge barrier dysfunction on hypoalbuminemia during CAPD. METHODS We measured the association of dialysis dose, peritoneal equilibration test (PET) results (ratio of dialysate and plasma creatinine), and peritoneal charge barrier index (ratio of pancreatic and salivary α-amylase clearance) on prot...

BACKGROUND Several studies already stressed the importance of haemodialysis (HD) time in the removal of uraemic toxins. In those studies, however, also the amount of dialysate and/or processed blood was altered. The present study aimed to investigate the isolated effect of the factor time t (by processing the same total blood and dialysate volume in two different time schedules) on the removal ...

BACKGROUND Critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease often develop hypercapnia and require mechanical ventilation. Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal can manage hypercarbia by removing carbon dioxide directly from the bloodstream. Respiratory hemodialysis uses traditional hemodialysis to remove CO2 from t...

Pyrogenic reactions (PR) are a well-recognized complication of hemodialysis and have been associated with dialyzer reuse, high-flux dialysis, and bicarbonate dialysate. However, the roles of bacteria and endotoxin in dialysate for producing PR are not well defined. To determine the effect of removing most bacteria and endotoxin from the dialysate on the incidence of PR, a cohort of chronic hemo...

Adenosine and PGE2 are neuromodulators, both of which inhibit fetal breathing movements (FBM). Although circulating PGE2 has been implicated as a mediator of ethanol-induced inhibition of FBM in the late-gestation ovine fetus, a role for adenosine has not been examined. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of maternal ethanol infusion on ovine fetal cerebral extracellular flu...

The capacity of sorbent systems to increase solute clearances above the levels that are provided by hemodialysis has not been well defined. This study assessed the extent to which solute clearances can be increased by addition of a sorbent to the dialysate. Attention was focused on the clearance of protein-bound solutes, which are cleared poorly by conventional hemodialysis. A reservoir that co...

introduction the concentration of substances, including urea, creatinine, and uric acid, can be used as an index to measure toxic uremic solutes in the blood during dialysis and interdialytic intervals. the on-line monitoring of toxin concentration allows for the clearance measurement of some low-molecular-weight solutes at any time during hemodialysis.the aim of this study was to determine the...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Controlling serum potassium is an important goal in maintenance hemodialysis patients. We examined the achievement of potassium balance through hemodialysis treatments and the associated fluctuations in serum potassium. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS A 3-yr (July 2001 to June 2004) cohort of 81,013 maintenance hemodialysis patients from all DaVita dial...

Inadequate food intake plays an important role in the development of malnutrition. Recently, an increased rate of protein anabolism was shown in fasting state in patients who were on automated peritoneal dialysis with combined amino acids (AA) and glucose (G) dialysate serving as a source of both proteins and calories. This study investigated the effects of such a dialysis procedure in the dayt...