To discriminate self from non-self is an essential issue in the immune system. Autologous cells are protected against complement-mediated cell injury by the self-recognition mechanism using complement regulatory proteins composed of complement receptor type 1 (CR1, CD35), membrane cofactor protein (MCP, CD46), decay accelerating factor (DAF, CD55) and homologous restriction factor (protectin, C...

The purpose of the present paper is two-fold. The first is to describe the space of continuous functionals for the Smirnov space Ep(U), p ≥ 1, when U is a simply connected, bounded domain with Ahlfors regular boundary in terms of functions which are analytic in the complement U (or dual complement) and have a prescribed boundary behavior on ∂U . As an application of the above results, we give a...

Let R be an o-minimal expansion of the real field, and let P(R) be its Pfaffian closure. Let L be the language consisting of all Rolle leaves added to R to obtain P(R). We prove that P(R) is model complete in the language L, provided that R admits analytic cell decomposition. We do this by proving a somewhat stronger statement, the theorem of the complement for nested sub-Pfaffian sets over R. ...

The commissioning of a three-dimensional treatment planning system requires comparisons of measured and calculated dose distributions. Techniques have been developed to facilitate quantitative comparisons, including superimposed isodoses, dose-difference, and distance-to-agreement (DTA) distributions. The criterion for acceptable calculation performance is generally defined as a tolerance of th...

We construct a class of knots with the CI∗ property, that is, π1(M(n) | ∂M(n)) = {e} for some n > 0. It follows that the infinite cyclic covering of such a knot cannot be embedded in any compact 3-manifold.

Let Ω be a nonempty open subset of R. A consequence of (i) is that there is no Fredholm operator between L(Ω) and L(Ω), 1 < p < ∞. A consequence of (ii) is that there is no Fredholm operator between L(Ω) and L∞(Ω). Proof. Put X0 = kerT and Y1 = T (X). Then dimX0 < ∞, codimY1 < ∞, and Y1 is closed in Y . Since X0 is finite dimensional, it has an algebraic topological complement X1. Then T |X1 : ...

Many studies have examined invasion resistance in plant communities, but few have explored the mechanisms of invasion and how subsequent community reassembly affects community functioning. Using natural dispersal and deliberate seed addition into grassland communities with different compositional and richness histories, we show that invaders establish in a nonrandom manner due to negative effec...

We prove that any complete hyperbolic 3–manifold with finitely generated fundamental group, with a single topological end, and which embeds into S is the geometric limit of a sequence of hyperbolic knot complements in S. In particular, we derive the existence of hyperbolic knot complements which contain balls of arbitrarily large radius. We also show that a complete hyperbolic 3–manifold with t...

The new Minnesota Case Study Collection is profiled, along with other examples. They complement the work of the HIPST Project in illustrating the aims of: (1) historically informed inquiry learning that fosters explicit NOS reflection, and (2) engagement with faithfully rendered samples of Whole Science. Education is what survives when what has been learnt has been forgotten. B. F. Skinner.