Queries posed to a database usually access some common relations, or share some common sub-expressions. In this paper; we examine the issue of caching using a novel framework, called cache-on-demand (COD). COD views intermediate/final answers of existing running queries as virtual caches that an incoming query can exploit. Those caches that are beneficial may then be materialized for the incomi...

Interest in cod aquaculture has been growing over the last few decades, resulting in varied research on cod aimed at optimising conditions for both growth and survival. Cultural conditions may increase the danger of infections. Disease control by vaccination has proved successful in the farming of several fish species. However, cod do not respond well to vaccination. Recently it was shown that ...

Biodegradation of distillery wastewater is dependent on initial pH. In this present research, the effect of initial pH from 5.0 to 6.5 on biodegradation of distillery wastewater using anaerobic mixed consortia by batch process was investigated. The parameters like chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, oxidation reduction potential (ORP), final pH, total phenol content, total protein ...

Long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) associated with anaerobic sludge by mechanisms of precipitation, adsorption, or entrapment can be biodegraded to methane. The mineralization kinetics of biomass-associated LCFA were established according to an inhibition model based on Haldane's enzymatic inhibition kinetics. A value around 1,000 mg COD-LCFA..g VSS(-1) was obtained for the optimal specific LCFA con...

The performance of six multistage hybrid constructed wetland systems was evaluated. The systems were designed to treat four kinds of high-content wastewater: dairy wastewater (three systems, average inflow content 2,400-5,000 mg·COD l(-1), 3-6 years of operation); pig farm wastewater, including liquid food washing wastewater (one system, 9,500 mg·COD l(-1), 3 years); potato starch processing wa...

The efficiency in treatment of treated wastewater from up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) plant using Wolffia arrhiza coupling with storage starch production from its cell are considered. The experiments were undertaken in batch bioreactor and treated wastewater from UASB was fed into the tank and completed with the control conditions of temperature (30 ̊C), light strength (2000 lx) and lig...

The infiltration rate and therefore the principal function of a sand based vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW) is influenced by the content of suspended solids (SS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the waste water supply. In this study there were three operating conditions defined as “No Clogging”; “Partly Clogging” and “Clogging”. Investigations on 21 VFCWs approved analytical differen...

This paper evaluates the relationship between the cloud modification factor (CMF) in the ultraviolet erythemal range and the cloud optical depth (COD) retrieved from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) “cloud mode” algorithm under overcast cloudy conditions (confirmed with sky images) at Granada, Spain, mainly for non-precipitating, overcast and relatively homogenous water clouds. Empirical C...

This paper presents the results of an investigation into the treatment of Tehran Refinery effluents in UASB reactors. Four pilot-scale UASB reactors were built with similar dimensions, each with a volume of 45.78 1, and operated in parallel at 37 °C. The sludge seed was prepared from the waste activated sludge of the wastewater treatment unit of the refinery. The organic loading rates were grad...

Landfill leachate of Hong Kong was first treated by the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) process. At 37 degrees C, pH 7.1-8.5 and a HRT of 5.1-6.6 days, the process removed 66-90% of COD in the leachate for loading rates of 1-2.4 g-COD/l day depending on the strength of landfill leachate. The final effluent contained 1440-1910 mg-COD/l and 70-91 mg-BOD/l. About 92.5% of the total COD remo...