Although a millennium ago the Middle East was not an economic laggard, by the 18 century it exhibited clear signs of economic backwardness. The reason for this transformation is that certain components of the region’s legal infrastructure stagnated as their Western counterparts gave way to the modern economy. Among the institutions that generated evolutionary bottlenecks are the Islamic law of ...

There is a deepening crisis between oppressed and disaffected religious groups such as Muslims in western societies and some of the principal sources of anti-oppression doctrines and movements.The centre-left seems not only to be dividing between those who see the contemporary minority–majority relations challenge to be the egalitarian inclusion of groups like Muslims, and those who see Muslim ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate public health dentistry practices of two different family health models. METHODS Qualitative study conducted with data obtained from focus groups consisting of 58 dentists working in the Family Health Strategy for at least three years between August-October, 2006. The Paideia Family Health Approach was used in the city of Campinas and the Oral Health Initiative as part o...

This article seeks to analyze the discourse around creation of new provinces in Pakistan. The demand for carving out federating units is a popular and long-standing proposal some areas country with long history ethnic sub-nationalism fuelled by real imagined sense political alienation economic deprivation. has been raised from time based on distribution national resources, grounds, sometimes ba...

Notwithstanding the fact that our planet is characterized by scientific, technical, political and economic achievements from beginning of XXI century, there still problems in development, socio-economic backwardness, management determination borders between countries. The Turkic states, which recently gained independence, are trying to determine their geopolitical position arena world, mainly a...

The ability of accountancy students to apply critical thinking in solving problems related modules offered undergraduate programme, has remained a concern for many higher institutions. Accountancy tend struggle their course work the programme. To be able thinking, programmes should series attributes that can enable them understand questions asked case study or multiple tasks. This reviewed vari...

The era of disruption presupposes that if you do not continue to innovate, then backwardness is a must. Because the rapid and even surprising development technology today requires us immediately make adjustments it. Especially for educators, besides being required master adapt developments changes, they are also expected lose educator's soul. This paper wants discuss challenges educators in als...

In Singapore, Islamic identity matters mainly because Muslims and Malays have special constitutional status. However, state policies seem to contradict the status while community is still dealing with problem of backwardness in educational economic development. This article examines profile strategic role two organizations, MUIS (Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura, Religious Council Singapore) Pergas...

Introduction. Indigenous populations are considered a vulnerable minority and have characteristics such as poverty, difficulties to access food, housing, educational backwardness; these conditions make them prone alcohol consumption problems. Dependence on probably arises symbol of protest, challenge, response social anguish, which has in turn repercussions marginal population sectors that frag...

Microfinance has come to play a major role in many gender and development strategies because of its direct relationship to both poverty alleviation and to the empowerment of women. Women are the most crucial elements of the social fabric and are playing a pivotal role in the socioeconomic scenario of Rajasthan. Microfinance programs like the SHGs in India have been promoted for their positive e...