Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. [1] We have developed a new model of the gas-and aerosol-phase chemistry of biomass burning smoke plumes called Aer...

INTRODUCTION The “Smoke” experiment is a flight definition investigation that seeks to increase our understanding of spacecraft fire detection through measurements of particulate size distributions of preignition smokes from typical spacecraft materials. Owing to the catastrophic risk posed by even a very small fire in a spacecraft, the design goal for spacecraft fire detection is to detect the...

The realistic depiction of fire is a challenge for the disciplines of computational simulation and visualization alike. As the phenomenon is not fully understood yet, finding a suitable model for the lifelike simulation of fire is difficult. Therefore, most approaches concentrate on the creation of realistic imagery rather than strict physical accuracy. This thesis attempts a physically motivat...

Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) membranes (buckypaper) and carbon nanofiber (CNF) paper were incorporated onto the surface of epoxy carbon fiber composites, as proposed fire shields. Their flammability behaviors were investigated by a cone calorimeter. SWCNT buckypaper and CNF paper did not show notable improvement on fire retardancy. However, MWCN...

Fire safety is an important component of the safe operation of nuclear power plant, and is an important aspect of the nuclear safety. The Distributed Intelligent Fire Detect and Alarm System is of high reliability and sensitivity. In this article, some research will be made on how to limit fire damage by improving the system reliability and sensitivity. Fire safety is an important component of ...

Data from four continuous ozone and weather monitoring sites operated by the National Park Service in Sierra Nevada, California, are used to develop an ozone forecasting model and to estimate the contribution of wildland fires on ambient ozone levels. The analyses of weather and ozone data pointed to the transport of ozone precursors from the Central Valley as an important source of pollution i...

There has been much concern among the public and veterans that specific environmental exposures incurred during the Gulf War were the cause of subsequent illness among Gulf War veterans. In this historical cohort study, the authors compared the postwar morbidity of US military personnel exposed to smoke from the 1991 Kuwaiti oil well fires with that of unexposed personnel. Complete exposure and...

Research has shown that climate change creates warmer temperatures and drier conditions, leading to longer wildfire seasons increased risks in the United States. These factors have, turn, led increases frequency, extent, severity of wildfires recent years. Given danger posed by wildland fires people, property, wildlife, environment, there is an urgent need provide tools for effective management...

Many large grass fires occurred in north Texas and southern Oklahoma on 9 April 2009, destroying hundreds of homes and businesses and burning thousands of acres of grasslands, producing large smoke and debris plumes that were visible from various remote sensing platforms. At the same time, strong westerly winds were transporting large amounts of dust into the region, mixing with the smoke and d...