Objective: To identify the utilization pattern of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in a representative sample of the Pakistani population. To highlight the main risk factors associated with different forms of epilepsy. Methods: A retrospective drug utilization review study was conducted at three teaching institutions of Karachi. During the nine months study period, epileptic and non-epileptic patient...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The utility of prophylactic antiepileptic drug (AED) administration after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage remains controversial. AEDs have not clearly been associated with a reduction in seizure incidence and have been associated with both neurological worsening and delayed functional recovery in this setting. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed a prospectively coll...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The risk of seizure early after the diagnosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis (CVT) is not known, and the use of prophylactic antiepileptic (AED) medication in the acute phase of CVT is controversial. METHODS In a multicenter, prospective, observational study, we analyzed the risk factors for seizures experienced before the diagnosis of CVT was confirmed (pr...

Oculogyric crisis is an acute dystonic reaction of the ocular muscles characterized by bilateral dystonic elevation of visual gaze lasting from seconds to hours. This reaction is most commonly explained as an adverse reaction to drugs such as antiemetics, antipsychotics, antidepressants, antiepileptics, and antimalarials. Although the incidence of metoclopramide-induced acute dystonic reactions...

A 15 years old child with Lyme borreliosis was treated with meperidine via a patient controlled analgesia (PCA) pump for pain management. He had no history of seizure and had normal hepatic and renal functions. At the 7th hour of meperidine PCA delivery, generalized tonic-clonic seizure was developed and successfully suppressed with antiepileptics and no neurologic sequel was occurred. The tota...

Both traditional and newer antiepileptic drugs have been considered for the acute and maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. Although the psychotropic actions of these compounds have long been recognized, their specific mood-stabilizing properties have become evident only relatively recently. Carbamazepine and valproate are the antiepileptics most thoroughly studied for the treatment of bip...