STUDY DESIGN A normative, single-group study was conducted. OBJECTIVE To investigate the flexion relaxation phenomenon in the thoraco-lumbopelvic muscles among a pain-free population when moving from an upright to a slump sitting posture. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The presence of the flexion relaxation phenomenon (FRP) of the back muscles is well documented at end-range spinal flexion when...

Functional reactive programming (FRP) is an emerging paradigm which allows the management of input/output and state within the confines of a purely functional language. The functional nature of FRP promises to make formal verification of functional reactive systems more tractable than that of their imperative counterparts. I propose to substantiate this claim by formally modeling FRP systems an...

An important application of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites is to provide confinement to reinforced concrete (RC) columns to enhance their loadcarrying capacity. However, this application is generally restricted to short columns as existing design guidelines do not contain provisions for the design of FRP jackets for slender columns. This situation has been due to both the scarcity of...

One of the goals that the Innovative Bridge Research and Construction (IRBC) program, sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), wishes to achieve through sponsored research projects is the concept of an economical, durable, short-span bridge that reduces construction time. Delaware County, Iowa took a step in that direction through the construction of a 64 ft. long bridge comprise...

During recent years, the use of fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) as a desirable alternative for improving the behavior of lateral resisting system are known. There are various factors influencing the quality of such kind of rehabilitation. This study aims to investigate the influence of geometric characteristics and arrangement of FRP layers on rehabilitating of concrete shear walls.  A few rein...

A wide range of materials and scaffolding fabrication methods for bone tissue engineering have beenexplored recently. Fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) system appears to be a suitable system. By the exclusiveuse of biocompatible or bio-absorbable polymers and fibers, novel generation of scaffolds for applicationsin tissue engineering can be prepared. Mulberry Silk as highlighted...

4 Wooster, M.J., Roberts, G., Freeborn, P. H., Xu, W., Govaerts, Y., Beeby, R., 5 He, J. , A. Lattanzio, Fisher, D., and Mullen, R. 6 7 8 1 King’s College London, Environmental Monitoring and Modelling Research Group, 9 Department of Geography , Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK. 10 2 NERC National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), UK. 11 3 Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, Hi...

As a preliminary study for the erection of floating structures using high performance concrete, this paper examines the bond characteristics between concrete and the reinforcing bar. Since the floating structure is constructed in aquatic environment, corrosion of the reinforcing steel is likely to develop more prematurely than in onshore structure in case of concrete cracking. A solution to thi...

This paper reviews the reality and vision of the use of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials in civil engineering and transportation infrastructure applications. Due to their superior characteristics these materials have become a commonly accepted construction material for both new construction and for rehabilitation and strengthening of existing bridges and structures. This paper...