T he azygous lobe is a normal anatomical variant with reported incidence of 0.2 1.2% (1). We report a case of a 51-year-old man with past medical history significant for drug and alcohol abuse, who presented to the emergency department with altered mental status and hypoxic respiratory failure. Given his altered mental status, history was unable to be obtained. Laboratory workup was positive fo...

INTRODUCTION Predictable endodontic treatment depends on the dentist's knowledge about root canal morphology and its possible anatomic variations. The majority of mandibular canines have one root and root canal, but 15% may have two canals and a smaller number may have two distinct roots. The following clinical reports describe endodontic treatment of mandibular canines with two roots and two r...

The pattern of anatomical organization of the thoraco-abdominal visceral and vascular structures which is not the expected normal arrangement, is called as situs ambiguous or heterotaxy syndrome. Patients with heterotaxy syndrome exhibit a wide spectrum of anatomical variations involving thoraco-abdominal structures. We present here an incidental finding of heterotaxy syndrome associated with u...

The responses of Hypericum perforatum root cultures to chitosan elicitation had been investigated through (1)H-NMR-based metabolomics associated with morpho-anatomical analyses. The root metabolome was influenced by two factors, i.e., time of culture (associated with biomass growth and related "overcrowding stress") and chitosan elicitation. ANOVA simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) modeling...

DNA repair is required to maintain genome stability in stem cells and early embryos. At critical junctures, oxidative damage to DNA requires the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Since early zebrafish embryos lack the major polymerase in BER, DNA polymerase ß, repair proceeds via replicative polymerases, even though there is ample polb mRNA. Here, we report that Polb protein fails to appear a...

ntroduction: the aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (cbct), digital radiography and tooth sectioning in evaluating root canal morphology of mandibular incisors in an in vitro setting. methods and materials: a total of 76 samples were imaged using cbct, and digital radiography in straight and angled views. the samples were then sectioned at different d...

Article history: Received 18 April 2016 Accepted 22 May 2016 Background: Transcranial surgery is consideredmore appropriate than an endonasal endoscopic approach (EEA) for a large cavernous sinus meningioma with lateral extension. Case presentation:A 6-cm-diameter hypervascular meningioma around cavernous sinus invaded the orbital apex and infratemporal fossa. 80% of the tumor was removed witho...

Background: Resection of the petrous temporal bone to various degrees provides different levels of access to lesions of the posterior fossa. However, precise distances of petrosal bone are not still clearly described due to the numerous variations of them which may lead to serious complications during transpetrosal surgeries. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate different distances of tempo...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Image-guided optical tracking systems are being used with increased frequency in lateral skull base surgery. Recently, electromagnetic tracking systems have become available for use in this region. However, the clinical accuracy of the electromagnetic tracking system has not been examined in lateral skull base surgery. This study evaluates the accuracy of electromagnetic n...

sunflower (helictnthur annuus l. cvs mehr shafagh) seedlings were grown in nutrient solutions containing 20.5 to 70.4 mm nacl and 0 as the control. the effects of salinity on developmental changes occurring in the shoot apices of plants were studied. at 20.5 mm naci concentration, the leaf emergence rate and plastochron index of shafagh increased significantly, but this phenomenon was not obser...