Grammar writers sometimes approach g rammar writ ing as if the language being described were the only language in the world. In contrast, this book reports on the parallel deve lopment of computat ional grammars for three languages: English, French, and German. At the time the book was written, the "ParGram" (Parallel Grammars) project included researchers f rom the Xerox Palo Alto Research Cen...

This qualitative study investigated the case of ChatGPT use by five students in an English for Academic Purposes (EAP) class comprised 28 total. The results analysis revealed dissonance way subjects had intended to their written assessments and how they used it, six weeks into writing program. that intention may have been within remit fair use, but output as evaluated AI detection tool might vi...

The reasons for writing malware are changing – and so is the malware itself. Danny Bradbury reports on the development of a seedy commercial market. a 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Bill Gates’ time is up. At the end of January 2004, at the Davos forum, he said that within two years, spam would be a thing of the past. In reality, the problem is as rampant as ever. On its own, that would be mer...

This paper looks at young ESL writers in Hong Kong and describes an action research project which involved the implementation of a new ESL writing programme designed to enhance students’ motivation and engagement by taking more account of the young learners’ own socio-cultural context. The study examined both the students’ and teacher–researcher’s perspectives on the new programme and looked at...

As consummate collectors of French eighteenth-century art, the Goncourts’ contribution to its nineteenth-century history is well-known. This article explores a less well-documented aspect of their L’Art du dix-huitième siècle (1858-1875): that is, its articulation of an art of latent decadence prior to the term’s fin-de-siècle association with explicitly transgressive cultures of modernity. Ind...

Writers ensure the expected (re)construction of concepts in the mind of the audience through effective signposting of the inevitably linear linguistic stream, which is a main aspect of metadiscourse called interactive metadiscourse. In this study, the use of interactive metadiscourse markers in research articles was investigated to examine any probable difference existing between different disc...