Introduction: Microglia, small glial cells, i.e. mesodermal in origin and found in the brain and spinal cord, play a key role in the maintenance of neurons and immune defense. Haloperidol, an antipsychotic drug, is used to treat numerous neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Its mechanism is not understood; however, haloperidol may result in Wnt signaling pathway activation. This study ...

The real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) is widely used for gene expression analysis, owing to its advantages of high specificity, sensitivity and repeatability. Suitable reference an absolute prerequisite accurate normalisation. In this study, three computational statistical methods before performing RT-qPCR, including geNorm, NormFinder BestKeeper was integrated stabilit...

Miracle fruit ( Synsepalum dulcificum ) is the botanical source of miraculin, a natural, noncaloric sweetener. plants have bush-like architecture and produce multiple flushes attractive red berries each year. The consist large seed, opaque pulp, brilliant peel. pulp contains glycoprotein, that binds to tongue’s sweet receptors induces conformational change in response acidic stimuli. Thus, stro...

Twf (twinfilin) is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of actin dynamics composed of two ADF-H (actin-depolymerizing factor homology) domains. Twf binds actin monomers and heterodimeric capping protein with high affinity. Previous studies have demonstrated that mammals express two Twf isoforms, Twf1 and Twf2, of which at least Twf1 also regulates cytoskeletal dynamics by capping actin filamen...

Listeriosis is a severe food borne disease with mortality rate of up to 30% caused by pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes via the production several virulence factors including listeriolysin O (LLO), transcriptional activator (PrfA), actin (Act), internalin (Int), etc. It foodborne predominantly causing infections through consumption contaminated and often associated ready-to-eat (RTE) dairy prod...

background: to evaluate vdr gene variation and its interaction with immune regulatory molecules in osteoporosis. methods: totally 205 pre and postmenopausal women were recruited in the study. after an overnight fast, peripheral blood was taken and centrifuged to sprat serum for measurement of serum parathyroid hormone, 25 hydroxyvitamin d, osteocal­cin and cross laps. the fok i polymorphism in ...

The actin cytoskeleton plays critical roles in numerous cellular events and functions, its spatiotemporal dynamics are maintained regulated by several cofactor proteins. MISP/Caprice is a recently reported actin-bundling protein that also involved the progression of mitosis. In this study, we investigated how actin-regulatory function MISP modulated phosphorylation. A series mutation studies de...

Actin is a conserved cytoskeletal protein that is well studied in model organisms although much less is known about actin molecular evolution in taxonomically diverse algae. Here, we analyzed 107 novel partial algal actin sequences and report some unexpected results. First, monophyletic actin gene families in multiple, phylogenetically distantly related algal taxa contain two distinct clades of...

Capping protein binds the barbed ends of actin filaments and nucleates actin filament assembly in vitro. We purified capping protein from Saccharomyces cervisiae. One of the two subunits is the product of the CAP2 gene, which we previously identified as the gene encoding the beta subunit of capping protein based on its sequence similarity to capping protein beta subunits in chicken and Dictyost...

Yeast fimbrin is encoded by the SAC6 gene, mutations of which suppress temperature-sensitive mutations in the actin gene (ACT1). To examine the mechanism of suppression, we have sequenced 17 sac6 suppressor alleles, and found that they change nine different residues, all of which cluster in three regions of one of the two actin-binding domains of Sac6p. Two of these clusters occur in highly con...