The metabolic mechanisms to circannual changes in body mass of bears have yet to be elucidated. We hypothesized that the Japanese black bear (Ursus thibetanus japonicus) has a metabolic mechanism that efficiently converts carbohydrates into body fat by altering insulin sensitivity during the hyperphagic stage before hibernation. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the changes in blood bioc...

PURPOSE To compare the postoperative analgesic effects of lidocaine, morphine and lidocaine plus morphine administered by constant rate infusion (CRI) and analyzing their effects on opioid requirements after orthopedic surgery in dogs. METHODS Twenty-four dogs underwent fracture repairs were premedicated with IM acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) combined with morphine (0.3mg/kg). Anesthesia was induc...

PURPOSE To determine the changes in blood flow in the cat retina after 1 hour of ischemia. METHODS Blood flow in the retina and choroid of adult cats anesthetized with chloralose, acepromazine, and halothane was measured using sequential injections of radioactively labeled microspheres. Ischemia was induced by elevation of intraocular pressure above systolic arterial pressure. Measurements we...

Muscle injury has been documented following eccentric exercise bouts in skeletal muscle (Faulkner 1985, Duan et al. 1988, Lieber & Fride!n 1988). Insights into the early events causing muscle injury have been obtained from mechanical studies (Lieber & Fride!n 1993, Warren et al. 1993) as well as immunohistochemical studies of cellular and extracellular proteins (Lieber et al. 1996). From these ...

Cerebral air emboli have been implicated in the transient neurological deficits seen in patients after cardiovascular surgery. Since perfluorocarbon emulsions such as FC-43 have greater solubilities for gases compared to plasma, it was decided to investigate their potential in providing protection against transient ischemia produced by such emboli. Forty rabbits were divided into three groups o...

a 3-year-old wild gray wolf was referred to the department of veterinary clinical sciences of shirazuniversity with a history of car accident. the radiographic examination showed supracondylar distal femoralfracture in right leg. the wolf was pre-medicated by acepromazine followed by induction of anesthesia usinga combination of diazepam and ketamine. anesthesia was maintained by halothane. the...

Studies of genetically modified mice provide a powerful approach to investigate consequences of altered gene expression in physiological and pathological states. The goal of the present study was to characterize afferent, central, and efferent components of the baroreceptor reflex in anesthetized Webster 4 mice. Baroreflex and baroreceptor afferent functions were characterized by measuring chan...

The monitoring of anaesthetic depth is usually based on the subjective assessment of the patient. An objective assessment of anaesthesia has only recently become possible. The auditory-evoked response has predictable changes in response to increasing doses of anaesthetic agents. Recent advances have brought about a regression model with exogenous input of the auditory-evoked response, the A-lin...

The objective of the study was to evaluate effect ACE, MID, DEX (IM) and (IV) with butorphanol on quality induction, induction dose propofol incidence apnoea during anaesthesia in client-owned dogs. Animals were randomly divided into four groups. After pre-medication atropine sulphate, animals administered ACE @ 0.05 mg/kg b.wt IV group A, MID 0.5 B, 15 μg/kg IM C D along 0.2 b. wt. I/V. All in...