Alternative energy is an important source of clean energy, as it one the ways to reduce environmental pollution, and renewable inexhaustible energy. There are potentials available invest in alternative Najaf governorate, represented by solar, wind, water that governorate ideal location for establishment this vital project, which used a number public proposed projects production electricity, stu...

This article aims at discussing the struggle of one Umayyads’ descendants who was able to escape from Abbasid army city Damascus (Syria) Andalusia (Al-Andalus). He managed re-establish power Umayyads in after collapse their Damascus, due attack. A qualitative method with library research-based used conducting this study, data were analyzed by using descriptive approach, technical analysis, and ...

recovering a part of the lost identity of iranian language and culture, the abbasid period is considered to have played an important role in persian language and history. the nationalist movement came to its maximum power in this period. the nationalists tried to prove the iranian talent the ancient persian civilization through a direct conflict by sword or pen. although both politics faced a s...

Umar Ibn al-Khattab (584-644 M) was the second caliph in Islamic history after replacing Abu Bakr al-Siddiq. He one of companions Prophet SAW who had strong morals, energetic, fair, and wise, a firm complex character, managerial administrative abilities. as caliph, only ruled for more than ten years, but that short period, there were many successes advancements experienced by society, especiall...

Abstrak. Koin Abbasyah di Sumatera Utara: Bukti Interaksi Peradaban Islam Abad 8-9 Masehi. Situs Bongal sejauh ini adalah situs purbakala Nusantara yang memiliki bukti artefaktual tertua hadirnya peradaban sebelum abad ke-12 M. Hal itu berbeda dari teori menyebut berasal India dan mulai hadir sejak Artefak ditemukan koin-koin perak (dirham) masa Dinasti kurun ke-8–9 Pertanggalan tersebut berses...

Method Istinbath is one of the methods digging law in ushul fiqh. Where method istinbath used to draw from Qur'an and Sunnah by way ijtihad. Then this associated with economics which a form human responsibility as caliph create balance life be maintained. The ever -growing economy makes Muslims need guidance or establishing law. source arguments are seen terms language, purpose (maqasid) sharia...