Previous experiments demonstrating a reduction of tumorigenicity by roughening the surfaces of plastics im planted in rodents, or by increasing the pore size of cellu lose filter implants, were repeated with observations on cellular attachment to these objects and to filters strengthened and made impermeable by bonding to plastic. Round 13-mm discs of methylmethacrylate implanted s.c. in A/BÃŒF...

Malignant neuroblastomas contain stem-like cells. These tumors also overexpress the Forkhead box transcription factor FoxM1. In this study, we investigated the roles of FoxM1 in the tumorigenicity of neuroblastoma.We showed that depletion of FoxM1 inhibits anchorage-independent growth and tumorigenicity in mouse xenografts. Moreover, knockdown of FoxM1 induces differentiation in neuroblastoma c...

Immortality and tumorigenicity are two distinct characteristics of cancers. Immortalization has been suggested to precede tumorigenesis. To understand the molecular mechanisms of tumorigenicity and cancer progression in mammary epithelium, we established a tumorigenic cell model by means of heavy-ion radiation of an immortal cell model, which was created by overexpressing the human telomerase r...

The transcription factor GATA6 is a critical regulator of cell proliferation and development in the gastrointestinal tract. We have recently reported that GATA6 induces the expression of the intestinal stem cell marker LGR5 and enhances the clonogenicity and tumorigenicity of colon cancer cells, but not the growth of these cells cultured under adherent conditions. Here we show that REG4, a memb...

The recent development of porcine induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) capable of generating chimeric animals, a feat not previously accomplished with embryonic stem cells or iPSCs in a species outside of rodents, has opened the doors for in-depth study of iPSC tumorigenicity, autologous transplantation, and other key aspects to safely move iPSC therapies to the clinic. The study of iPSC tum...

Plakoglobin is a major component of the submembranal plaque of adherens junctions and desmosomes in mammalian cells. It is closely related to the Drosophila segment polarity gene armadillo which has a role in the transduction of transmembrane signals that regulate cell fate. Like its close homologue beta-catenin, plakoglobin can associate with the product of the tumor suppressor gene APC that i...

Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 encodes an "accessory" protein named p13(II) that is targeted to mitochondria and triggers a rapid flux of K(+) and Ca(2+) across the inner membrane. In this study, we investigated the effects of p13(II) on tumorigenicity in vivo and on cell growth in vitro. Results showed that p13(II) significantly reduced the incidence and growth rate of tumors arising from ...

Interleukin 8 (IL-8) is mitogenic and chemotactic for endothelial cells. Within a neoplasm, IL-8 is secreted by inflammatory and neoplastic cells. The highly tumorigenic and highly metastatic human transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cell line 253J B-V overexpresses IL-8 relative to the nontumorigenic and nometastatic 253J-P cell line. To determine whether IL-8 expression regulates tumorigenicity...

HIPK2, a cell fate decision kinase inactivated in several human cancers, is thought to exert its oncosuppressing activity through its p53-dependent and -independent apoptotic function. However, a HIPK2 role in cell proliferation has also been described. In particular, HIPK2 is required to complete cytokinesis and impaired HIPK2 expression results in cytokinesis failure and tetraploidization. Si...

Prostate cancer is an age-associated epithelial cancer, and as such, it contributes significantly to the mortality of the elderly. Senescence is one possible mechanism by which the body defends itself against various epithelial cancers. Senescent cells alter the microenvironment, in part, through changes to the extracellular matrix. Laminins (LMs) are extracellular proteins important to both th...