PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of the different fragmentation patterns for the lens nucleus in terms of the effective phacoemulsification time (EPT) and power. SETTING Shinagawa LASIK Center, Tokyo, Japan. DESIGN Comparison study. METHODS Seventy-one eyes of 71 patients had preoperative lens opacity grading based on the Emery-Little Classification (Grade 1 and Grade 2). Eyes underwent fe...

Dilepton production associated with minijets is calculated in ultrarela-tivistic heavy ion collisions using the first order approximation of the dilepton fragmentation functions of quarks and gluons. The full QCD evolution of the fragmentation functions is also studied. We find that the dilepton pairs from the fragmentation of minijets are comparable to direct Drell-Yan at √ s = 200 AGeV for sm...

Apple (Malus × domestica) accumulates bioactive ursane-, oleanane-, and lupane-type triterpenes in its fruit cuticle, but their biosynthetic pathway is still poorly understood. We used a homology-based approach to identify and functionally characterize two new oxidosqualene cyclases (MdOSC4 and MdOSC5) and one cytochrome P450 (CYP716A175). The gene expression patterns of these enzymes and of pr...

Rohitukine, a chromone alkaloid, possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immuno-modulatory properties. It has been reported from four species, belonging to the families, Meliaceae and Rubiaceae. Stem bark of Dysoxylum binectariferum (Meliaceae) accumulates the highest amount of rohitukine (3-7% by dry weight). In this study, we examine the spatial and temporal distribution of rohitukine an...

A new ion mobility instrument that incorporates a low-field region for ion separation and a high-field region for collisional activation is described. In this approach, mixtures of ions are separated based on differences in their mobilities in a approximately 20-cm-long low-field ( approximately 5 V cm(-)(1)) region of a drift tube. As the ions approach the drift tube exit, they are exposed to ...

We analyse protostellar mass accretion rates Ṁ from numerical models of star formation based on gravoturbulent fragmentation, considering a large number of different environments. To within one order of magnitude, Ṁ ≈ MJ/τff with MJ being the mean thermal Jeans mass and τff the corresponding free-fall time. However, mass accretion rates are highly timevariant, with a sharp peak shortly after th...

There has been intense research interest in phase transitions in mass-transport and growth models involving adsorption and desorption, fragmentation, diffusion, and aggregation. These processes are ubiquitous in nature and arise in a large number of seemingly diverse systems such as growing interfaces [1,2], colloidal suspensions [3], polymer gels [4], river networks [5], granular materials [6]...

Abstract The size-energy fan concept formulation is developed into a prediction model of the fragment size distribution from blast design and rock mass variables. scaled with characteristic discontinuity spacing orientation. energy strength cooperation degree between adjacent holes. A function introduced that modifies in-row delay, non-dimensionalized P -wave velocity holes spacing. increases a...

Two new triterpene glycosides, scabraside A (1) and B (2), and a structurally known compound (3), were isolated from the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra (Holothuriidae) collected from the South China Sea. Structure of these compounds was elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods. The glycosides 1 and 2 exhibit the same common structural features, i. e., the presence of 12- and 17-hydroxy ...

We discuss the fragmentation of primordial gas clouds in the universe after decoupling. Comparing the timescale of collapse with that of fragmentation, we obtain the typical mass of a fragment both numerically and analytically. We show that the estimated mass gives the minimum mass of a fragment that is formed from the primordial gas cloud and essentially determined by the Chandrasekhar mass. S...