Installation of cyanobacterial bicarbonate transporters to the inner envelope membrane (IEM) of chloroplasts in C3 plants has been thought to improve photosynthetic performance. However, the method to deliver cyanobacterial bicarbonate transporters to the chloroplast IEM remains to be established. In this study, we provide evidence that the cyanobacterial bicarbonate transporters, BicA and SbtA...

Astrocytes in the hippocampus express high-affinity glutamate transporters that are important for lowering the concentration of extracellular glutamate after release at excitatory synapses. These transporters exhibit a permeability to chaotropic anions that is associated with transport, allowing their activity to be monitored in cell-fee patches when highly permeant anions are present. Astrocyt...

Till date the largest known family of transporters is ABC transporter superfamily. The genes that encode ABC genes are widely dispersed in genome and show a high degree of amino acid sequence identity among eukaryotes. Phylogenetic analysis has allowed the gene superfamily divided into seven subfamilies containing 49 members of proteins in human. Despite the immense amount of biochemical studie...

We quantified, by liquid chromatography tandemmass spectrometry, transporter protein expression of BSEP, MATE1, MRP3, MRP4, NTCP, and OCT1 in our human liver bank (n = 55) and determined the relationship between protein expression and sex, age and genotype. These data complement our previous work in the same liver bank where we quantified the protein expression of OATPs, BCRP, MDR1, and MRP2. I...

Energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters are a recently discovered family of primary active transporters for micronutrients and vitamins, such as biotin, thiamine, and riboflavin. Found exclusively in archaea and bacteria, including the human pathogens Listeria, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus, ECF transporters may be the only means of vitamin acquisition in these organisms. The subunit comp...

BACKGROUND Glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporters play important roles in regulating neuronal activity. Glu is removed from the extracellular space dominantly by glial transporters. In contrast, GABA is mainly taken up by neurons. However, the glial GABA transporter subtypes share their localization with the Glu transporters and their expression is confined to the same ...

Abstract Glutamine transporters transport different amino acids for cell growth and metabolism. In tumor cells, glutamine are often highly expressed play a crucial role in their growth. By inhibiting the acid of these transporters, cancer cells can be inhibited. recent years, more attention has been paid to study transporter. this article, differences between ASC system transporter 2 (ASCT2), L...