During December 2001 we conducted a field study of 183 clean-up and recovery workers at the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster site to assess respiratory health effects potentially resulting from their work at the site. On site, we administered a respiratory health questionnaire designed to assess upper respiratory symptoms and lower respiratory symptoms, including cough, phlegm, and wheeze, as ...

The 11 September 2001 terrorist attack on New York City's World Trade Center (WTC) caused an unprecedented environmental emergency. The collapse of the towers sent a tremendous cloud of crushed building materials and other pollutants into the air of lower Manhattan. In response to the calamity, federal, state, and city environmental authorities and research institutes devoted enormous resources...

We consider the problem of private information retrieval through wiretap channel II (PIR-WTC-II). In PIR-WTC-II, a user wants to retrieve a single message (file) privately out of M messages, which are stored in N replicated and non-communicating databases. An external eavesdropper observes a fraction μn (of its choice) of the traffic exchanged between the nth database and the user. In addition ...

BACKGROUND Although airborne respiratory irritants at the World Trade Center (WTC) site have been associated with asthma among WTC Ground Zero workers, little is known about asthma associated with work at the Staten Island landfill or barges. METHODS To evaluate the risk of asthma first diagnosed among Staten Island landfill and barge workers, we conducted a survey and multivariable logistic ...

Individual differences in language learning have been under close scrutiny for several decades. However, there is still place to be filled with new research understand how and what extent these relate to/effect process. Both foreign classroom anxiety (FLCA) second willingness communicate (L2 WTC) key individual paradigm educational psychology applied linguistics. To this end, the current study ...

Motivating learners to engage in effective communication is one of the fundamental concerns language education. Accordingly, an educational context where L2 display a willingness communicate (WTC) requirement for successful learning. A further concept that should be studied regarding WTC students' self-efficacy from socio-cognitive theory. Moreover, boost quality learning, English as Foreign La...

Edible insects are being considered as a sustainable source of protein and continuously appearing in markets the West. The impact COVID-19 on willingness to consume (WTC) two products enriched with insect ingredients, jam yogurt, was analyzed. A semistructured questionnaire applied using Qualtrics© consumer panel. Data collected from 799 481 consumers before during lockdown Catalonia (Spain), r...

The destruction of the World Trade Center (WTC) on 11 September 2001 in New York City resulted in the massive release of pulverized dust and combustion products. The dust and smoke settled in the surrounding area, which encompassed a large residential community. We hypothesized that previously normal residents in the community surrounding the former WTC would have an increased incidence of pers...

The World Trade Center (WTC) disaster on September 11, 2001 was an unprecedented traumatic event with long-lasting health consequences among the affected populations in the New York metropolitan area. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the risk of probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) associated with specific types of WTC exposures. Meta-analytical findings from 10 studies of 3,271 to...

INTRODUCTION During the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks, responders who helped in search, rescue, and recovery endured multiple traumatic and toxic exposures. One-fifth subsequently developed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD has been linked to dementia in veterans. This study examined the association between WTC-related PTSD and cognitive impairment (CI) in WTC responders. METHODS...