Poisonings from toxic alcohols, such as methanol (MeOH) are a serious toxicological concern worldwide. In an endemic methanol poisoning in 2012 in the Czech Republic 121 subjects had consumed adulterated beverages and 41 died from the poisoning. An additional 20 subjects still suffer from visual/CNS sequelae [1]. In addition to mass poisonings single cases of methanol poisoning had been publish...

Although silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element both on the surface of the Earth's crust and in soils, it has not yet been listed among the essential elements for higher plants. However, the beneficial role of Si in stimulating the growth and development of many plant species has been generally recognized. Silicon is known to effectively mitigate various abiotic stresses such as manga...

Estuaries and coastal zones are dynamic transitional systems which provide many economic and ecological benefits to humans, but also are an ideal habitat for other organisms as well. These areas are becoming contaminated by various anthropogenic activities due to a quick economic growth and urbanization. This chapter explores the sources, chemical speciation, sediment accumulation and removal m...

Ethylene glycol (EG) and methanol poisoning can cause life-threatening complications. Toxicity of EG and methanol is related to the production of toxic metabolites by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), which can lead to metabolic acidosis, renal failure (in EG poisoning), blindness (in methanol poisoning) and death. Therapy consists of general supportive care (e.g. intravenous fluids, corr...

Selenium is an essential trace element for life, which can be toxic for humans when intakes reach a certain amount. Therefore, since the margin between healthy intake and toxic intake is narrow, the selenium concentration of tap water is a parameter that must be monitored because of its potential for increased intake. The present work gives an overview of the different approaches used to calcul...

bachground: toxic plants are an important reason for poisoning. the responsible plants are variable in different geographic spots. some areas such as lorestan province have more variety in herbal plants because of geographic condition. because of high poisoning incidence with toxic plants and mushroom, we assessed the incidence of poisoning with mushroom and toxic plants (tattore and ricinus co...

purpose: to describe the clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of toxic keratopathy in a patient who abused tetracaine drops. case report: a 32-year-old man was referred to the emergency ward of our center with persistent corneal epithelial defect associated with a ring infiltrate in the corneal stroma, without any history of ocular trauma or contact lens use. the patient was hospitalized and...

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a rapid and reproducible method is described that employs solid phase extraction (spe) using dichloromethane, followed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry for the determination of toxic toluene, xylene and cumene (txc) from different lake water of dhaka mega city of bangladesh. the method was applied to detect and quantify txc in water samples collected from surface and 30 cm depth of water....

in pakistan besides pesticide contamination from agricultural field, the manufacturing industriesare also contributing relatively high quantities of toxic pesticides into the environment. these pesticides maybe toxic, mutagenic or carginogenic and may be bioaccumulated or biomagnified by the biota. because ofpersistent nature of pesticides, its removal from environmental system become difficult...