Two patients with previous cerebral damage and seizures and three patients with acute inflammatory cerebral lesions developed status epilepticus. They were unresponsive to standard anticonvulsants, but anesthetic barbiturates (thiopental and pentobarbital) stopped the seizures promptly.

Both midazolam and thiopental sodium are being used as induction agents and for maintenance of anesthesia. In contrast to other benzodiazepines such as diazepam, midazolam has a rapid onset of action and fast distribution and causes few cardiovascular or respiratory effects. Being water soluble, midazolam is also associated with a low incidence of venous irritation. The purpose of this stu...

BACKGROUND/AIM To investigate the influence of thiopental (85 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (ip)), and ketamine+xylazine (ketamine 75 mg/kg and xylazine 8 mg/kg, ip) anesthesia on the incidence and duration of ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. MATERIALS AND METHODS Myocardial ischemia was induced by a 6-min ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, followed by a 6-min reper...

We assessed the roles of the protein kinase C (PKC) and the tyrosine kinase (TK) signaling pathways in regulating capacitative calcium entry (CCE) in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and investigated the effects of intravenous anesthetics (midazolam, propofol, thiopental, ketamine, etomidate, morphine, and fentanyl) on CCE in human PASMCs. Fura-2-loaded human PASMCs were plac...

BACKGROUND Since in caesarean operations skin incision to delivery time is very short, induction agent could be still effective on BIS level till the time of delivery. Therefore this study was designed to analyze the effect on maintaining adequate bispectral index levels till delivery of neonate of propofol and thiopental as an induction agent for caesarean section. METHODS Eighty two patient...

PURPOSE To determine the efficacy and safety of rectal thiopental sodium as a sedation agent for pediatric imaging. METHODS Four hundred sixty-two infants and children were sedated with rectal thiopental sodium for MR, CT, or nuclear imaging in 1992 and 1993. Patients received screening histories and physical examinations before sedation, and parents gave informed consent. Sedated patients we...

BACKGROUND Traditionally anaesthetic drugs for obstetrics are prepared as a contingency and stored until they are required for emergency use or have expired. Expiry is based on presumed reduction in sterility and efficacy although evidence for this is inconsistent. Preparation in advance introduces the risk of error and potential for tampering by a third party. Discarding and re-preparing drugs...

Intravenous (IV) propofol was compared with IV thiopental/pentobarbital as a sedative for children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain or spine. Fifty-eight outpatients (aged 11 mo to 6 1/2 yr, ASA grade I and II) were enrolled in the study and randomized to two groups. After IV cannulation, Group I received IV propofol (1-2 mg/kg), followed immediately by a propofol infusi...

UNLABELLED We investigated the effect of thiopental, midazolam, and ketamine (at clinically relevant concentrations and at 0.1 and 10 times these concentrations) on several aspects of human neutrophil functions. The three intravenous (i.v.) anesthetics significantly decreased chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (O2-, H2O2, OH) production of neutrophils in a dose-dependen...

BACKGROUND Emergence agitation (EA) in children after sevoflurane anesthesia is common. The purpose of this study was to compare the incidences of EA between ketamine and thiopental sodium induction in children underwent sevoflurane anesthesia. We also evaluated if a small dose of fentanyl could reduce the incidence of EA. METHODS The patients who were scheduled for strabismus or entropion su...