The extracellular matrix (ECM) and specific ECM components can have a major influence on cell growth, development, and phenotype. The influence of the ECM and ECM components on adipogenesis in vivo and in vitro will be reviewed in this paper. Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm substratum and laminin per se markedly increased attachment, spreading, and hypertrophy of preadipocytes in serum-free primary cultu...

Central obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation contribute to increases in adipose tissue mass, yet the mechanisms that underlie these processes remain unclear. Patients with glucocorticoid excess develop a reversible form of central obesity, but circulating cortisol levels in idiopathic obesity are invariably normal. We have ...

We have previously shown that a bovine (b) GH antagonist, bGH-M8, which possesses three amino acid substitutions in its third alpha-helix, inhibits mouse 3T3-F442A preadipocyte differentiation. In the current studies, we used the bGH and human (h) GH analogs with single amino acid substitution, bGH-G119R and hGH-G120R, for determining their biological activity using the preadipocyte differentia...

White (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissue are tissues of energy storage and energy dissipation, respectively. Experimental evidence suggests that brown and white preadipocytes are differentially determined, but so far not much is known about the genetic control of this determination process. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes involved in brown and white preadi...

In a previous publication, we reported that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors (PIs) inhibited the differentiation of human preadipocytes in primary culture, reducing the expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). The present work was performed to clarify this mechanism. Interestingly, HIV-PIs have been reported to be inhibitors of the proteasome complex...

introduction:spontaneous pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and subcutaneous emphysema are rare, but serious complications of inflammatory myopathies and occur more commonly in dm than pm. complications of dermatomyositis (dm) and polymyositis (pm), both of which can be fatal. case report:a 20-year-old woman was admitted with neck pain, dyspnea, cough, and fever. she had been diagnosed with derma...

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) interacts with the type II nuclear receptors retinoid X receptor (RXR)alpha and retinoic acid receptor-alpha and modulates their transcriptional activity. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma, a related nuclear receptor that dimerizes with RXRalpha, plays an important role in adipocyte differentiation. IGFBP-3 is regulated...