Abstract We examine how creditor rights affect the trade-off between non-debt and debt tax shields. Using four bankruptcy reforms a panel of private public firms from Italy, we show that laws empowering creditors reduce avoidance increase financing, consistent with substituting shields corroborate validity our findings using across 33 countries. Additionally, document impact protection is mitig...

It is shown that the Shields–Harary index of vulnerability of the complete bipartite graph Km,n, with respect to the cost function f (x)= 1− x, 0 x 1, is m, if n m+ 2√m, and 1 n+1 (n+m) 2 4 , ifm n<m+ 2 √ m. It follows that the Shields–Harary number ofKm,n with respect to any concave continuous cost function f on [0, 1] satisfying f (1)=0 ismf (0), if n m+2√m, and between 1 n+1 (n+m) 2 4 f (0) ...

1 Research ecologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1731 Research Park Dr., Davis, CA 95618. 2 Information Center for the Environment, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, One Shields Ave., University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616. 3 National coordinator for experimental forests and ranges, U.S. Department of Agriculture, ...

AUTHORS: Tasuku Akiyama, Mitsutoshi Tominaga, Auva Davoodi, Masaki Nagamine, 4 Kevin Blansit, Alexander Horwitz, Mirela Iodi Carstens, E. Carstens 5 6 University of California, Davis 7 Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior 8 1 Shields Avenue 9 Davis, California 95616 10 11 CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: 12 13 Prof. E. Carstens 14 University of California, Davis 15 Department of Neurobiology,...

In this paper we provide a common framework for different stratified $LM$-convergence spaces introduced recently. To this end, we slightly alter the definition of a stratified $LMN$-convergence tower space. We briefly discuss the categorical properties and show that the category of these spaces is a Cartesian closed and extensional topological category. We also study the relationship of our cat...

In this paper, the concepts of derived sets and derived operators are generalized to $(L, M)$-fuzzy topological spaces and their characterizations are given.What is more, it is shown that the category of stratified $(L, M)$-fuzzy topological spaces,the category of stratified $(L, M)$-fuzzy closure spaces and the category of stratified $(L, M)$-fuzzy quasi-neighborhood spaces are all isomorphic ...

In this paper we propose to attach radio frequency (RF) shields on mobile phone to reduce Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the spherical head model. Shields made of ferrimagnetic materials are used to suppress surface currents on the mobile phone. Many kinds of simulation are performed to investigate the effect of various parameters like location, size, shape and thickness of the shield on the...

In this paper we present structuring concepts for networked systems management. The concepts mainly deal with organizing and structuring management systems by introducing building blocks (called domains) and managed resources abstract representations (called shields). Domains are used as a means for grouping resources according to different criteria and shields are used, within domains, to reve...