نتایج جستجو برای: social coexistence
تعداد نتایج: 627666 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The coexistence of competing species depends on the balance between their fitness differences, which determine their competitive inequalities, and their niche differences, which stabilise their competitive interactions. Darwin proposed that evolution causes species' niches to diverge, but the influence of evolution on relative fitness differences, and the importance of both niche and fitness di...
Unchecked greed can adversely impact the efficiency of wireless systems. Individual devices have no incentive to conserve shared resources, and this inevitably leads to poor utilization of spectrum. Indeed, it has been oft demonstrated that there is a real risk of spiraling performance losses, culminating in a classic Tragedy of the Commons. Recognizing that efficient coexistence requires alloc...
Decrees on the prohibition of wine, drugs and beard shaving are among the most frequent social verdicts of the 11th century AH, which the quality of their execution is also mentioned in the historical sources of this period. Due to the silence of official sources about this case, the community’s point of view and public opinion about these decrees is ambiguous. The aim of this article is to ach...
Trade-offs between competitive ability and the other life-history traits are considered to be a major mechanism of competitive coexistence. Many theoretical studies have demonstrated the robustness of such a coexistence mechanism ecologically; however, it is unknown whether the coexistence is robust evolutionarily. Here, we report that evolution of life-history traits not directly related to co...
Dispersal of organisms may play an essential role in the coexistence of species. Recent studies of the evolution of dispersal in temporally varying environments suggest that clones differing in dispersal rates can coexist indefinitely. In this work, we explore the mechanism permitting such coexistence for a model of dispersal in a patchy environment, where temporal heterogeneity arises from end...
Competitive intransitivity occurs when species' competitive abilities cannot be listed in a strict hierarchy, but rather form competitive loops, as in the game 'Rock-Paper-Scissors'. Indices are useful for summarizing intransitivity in communities; however, as with most indices, a great deal of information is compressed into single number. So while recent ecological theory, experiments, and nat...
the speech act of disagreement has been one of the speech acts that has received the least attention in the field of pragmatics. this study investigates the ways power relations, social distance, formality of the context, gender, and language proficiency (for efl learners) influence disagreement and politeness strategies. the participants of the study were 200 male and female native persian s...
coexisting ankylosing spondylitis and hereditary multiple exostoses have rarely been reported (three patients) previously. a 27-year-old man with hereditary multiple exostoses is presented as a fourth report. at the age of 15 years, the patient had multiple exostoses around the knee, ankle and shoulder joints. he was diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis 3 years ago. the patient’s sister and hi...
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