Studies have shown that the Trail Making Test (TMT) predicts real-world driving performance in individuals who have cognitive deficits. However, because this test requires knowledge of the Latin alphabet, the TMT may not be appropriate for individuals who are illiterate or for those whom English is not their primary language. Because the Color Trails Test (CTT) is not influenced by knowledge of...

An optimization-based estimation method is presented for determining mode transition times and model parameters for hybrid systems. Firstand second-order optimality conditions are derived, including cross-derivative terms between transition times and parameters. Second-order optimization methods are shown to provide superior convergence to correct values in simulation, and to values within expe...

the ability of tnf related apoptosis inducing ligand/apo2 ligand (trail/apo2l) in order to selectively induce apoptosis in tumor cells but not normal cells makes it an attractive target for development of new cancer therapy. although trail/apo2l has been produced in several hosts, e. coli is one of the best expression systems among them due to its safety, simplicity, low cultivation cost, and k...

TRAIL-R3, a new member of the TRAIL receptor family, has been cloned and characterized. TRAIL-R3 encodes a 299 amino acid protein with 58 and 54% overall identity to TRAIL-R1 and -R2, respectively. Transient expression and quantitative binding studies show TRAIL-R3 to be a plasma membrane-bound protein capable of high affinity interaction with the TRAIL ligand. The TRAIL-R3 gene maps to human c...

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of TNF family, is an interesting ligand which selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells and, therefore, it has been developed for cancer therapy. This ligand has been produced by various hosts such as E.coli. However, protein expression in E.coli cytoplasm leads to problems such as incorrect folding, reduction in biolo...

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF family that interacts with several receptors, including TRAIL-R1, TRAIL-R2, and TRAIL-R4. TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 can induce apoptosis of cancer cells and activate the transcription factor NF-kappaB. TRAIL-R4 can activate NF-kappaB and protect cells from TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Here we show that TRAIL-R1...

Pavement surface texture and its skid resistance are two key safety parameters of highways, which both are influenced by pavement characteristics. This research is done on a newly constructed asphalt pavement (Qom-Garmsar freeway) in Iran. The goal is investigating the relation between skid resistance and pavement texture in order to asphalt content changes in Hot Mix Asphalt. Mean Texture Dept...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is regarded as a potential anticancer agent. However, many cancer cells are resistant to apoptosis induction by TRAIL. The present study was designed to evaluate the sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis in acute myeloblastic leukemias (AML). DESIGN AND METHODS TRAIL/TRAIL receptor (TRAIL-R) express...

Abstract Intensive forestry operations may cause soil compaction, plastic disturbances and rutting, which are responsible for undesirable effects on soils, vegetation water bodies. Despite the numerous studies aimed to identify main factors affecting damages, it still remains unclear whether wood extraction methods driving direction (uphill or downhill) affect impacts of forest machines. This r...

The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand- receptor (TRAIL-R) family has emerged as a key mediator of cell fate and survival. Ligation of TRAIL ligand to TRAIL-R1 or TRAIL-R2 initiates the extrinsic apoptotic pathway characterized by the recruitment of death domains, assembly of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC), caspase activation and ultimately apoptosis. Con...