A massive and notorious impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected communities worldwide, urging extra preventive measure, especially for individuals with comorbidities including those who are suffering from human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). We reported a case 45-year-old man severe acute respiratory 2 (SARS-CoV-2) HIV infectio...

We describe the system for screening the effective antifolate antimalarials that uses the recombinant Plasmodium falciparum DHFR domain of the bifunctional DHFR-TS expressed in Escherichia coli, and were designed with amino acid alterations found in the DHFR genes of the antifolate resistant strains. The validity of the screen was verified by the subsequent examination of several substituted py...

BACKGROUND Amodiaquine has been widely used to treat malaria. Due to reports of fatal adverse drug reactions, discontinuation or modification of its use has been suggested. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to assess the effects of amodiaquine for treating malaria. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group trials register and Medline. We also contacted res...

Pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum has previously been shown to have emerged once in Southeast Asia, from where it spread to Africa. Pyrimethamine resistance in this parasite is known to be conferred by mutations in the gene encoding dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). We have analyzed polymorphisms in dhfr as well as microsatellite haplotypes flanking this gene in a total of 285 iso...

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a commonly inherited disorder mostly caused by mutations in PKD1, encoding polycystin-1 (PC1). The disease is characterized by development and growth of epithelium-lined cyst in both kidneys, often leading to renal failure. There is no specific treatment for this disease. Here, we report a sustained activation of the transcription factor s...

An investigation of the Hz-folate reductases from pyrimethamine-sensitive (Pb/WLTM) and -resistant (Pb/ WLTM/50-63) strains of Plasmodium berghei has revealed that the specific activity of the enzyme from the resistant strain is IO-fold higher than that of the sensitive strain. Since turnover numbers (based on amethopterin binding) are equivalent, the increase in specific activity must be due t...

BACKGROUND Treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infection acquired during pregnancy differs in many countries. In Germany, spiramycin is given until the 16th week of pregnancy, followed by at least 4 weeks of combination therapy with pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, and folinic acid independent of the infection stage of the fetus. If infection of the fetus is confirmed by polymerase chain reaction or if ...

BACKGROUND Although malaria treatment aims primarily to eliminate the asexual blood stages that cause illness, reducing the carriage of gametocytes is critical for limiting malaria transmission and the spread of resistance. METHODS Clinical and parasitological responses to the fixed-dose combination of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine in patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were assess...