The last three years have brought unprecedented changes in The American Physiological Society and the benefits it provides for its members. The “White Paper,” published by the APS LongRange Planning Committee (7) in 1990, set the stage for these changes. A strategic planning retreat in January 1992 developed the details for new programs and objectives and the means of implementing them, and the...

The early efforts for promotion of public health measures and prevention of fatal epidemic diseases in Iran date back to the second half of the 19th century. Based on historical records, the informal protosanitary councils had existed since the early 1850s, but a new formal health institution called "Sanitary Council", or "Majles-e Hefz al-Sehheh" was founded in 1881. Then, it was reestablished...

1 Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children’s Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America, 2 James A Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America, 3 Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America, 4 Scowcrof...

For more information, contact: Peter Shin Assistant Research Professor of Health Policy The George Washington University Medical Center School of Public Health & Health Services 2021 K Street, NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20006 (202) 296-6922 ~ [email protected] or Michelle Proser Research and Data Analyst National Association of Community Health Centers Department of Federal, State and Public Affa...

In recent decades, "Public Sphere" is one of the most important concepts in political science. Jurgen Habermas the famous thinker in this approach is the first to use this concept in critical thinking, where he demonstrates how networking is used for communicative actions. Habermas has not included the Internet as an important part of his thought process in the "public sphere", however, I think...