Objective. Violence involving children has been one of the least documented areas of violent crime. The purpose of this study was to develop cost estimates to assess the magnitude of juvenile violence in Pennsylvania in terms of both victimizations and perpetrators. Our study is the first to address 4 critical questions. First, how large a share of violence is juvenile violence? Second, is the ...

Legislative and regulatory efforts to address controlled substance diversion and overuse of narcotics are affecting prescription drug utilization and patient care. These initiatives can influence formulary drug selection, prior authorization procedures, and drug utilization strategies.

This paper aims to identify key challenges facing Iran and South Korea in their bilateral trade and investment relations. In particular, it is concerned with the policy implications which can be useful for policy makers and business people of both countries. For this purpose, we review and analyze the recent developments of the Iranian economy and bilateral trade and investment relations betwee...

Electronic  waste  or  E-waste  is  relatively  a  novel  addition  to  the  ever-growing  hazardous waste stream. It includes discarded electronic and electrical equipment. Developing countries face enormous challenges which are related to the generation and management of E-waste which are either internally generated or imported illegally; India is no exception. However, the existing managemen...

Technological development is one of the main drivers in economic progress throughout the world and is strongly linked to the creation of new industries, jobs, and wealth. This thesis attempts to better understand how a specific technological field develops over time and to examine the policy implications resulting from that research. In order to research the specific field, we present a repeata...

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Introduction T his analysis examines accountable care organizations (ACOs) and assesses their implications for antitrust policy. Consideration of the antitrust implications of ACOs is timely. Both the House and Senate health reform measures contemplate the creation of ACOs as a new class of Medicare provider while providing parallel legal authority under Medicaid. It also is possible that using...

This paper examines economic significance of the most important variables which explain home mortgage default, the voluntary default in particular, and discusses policy implications for the Chinese mortgage sector. It is suggested that to foster the residential market in the economic transition, policy makers should give more attention to standard underwriting criteria, early indicator, risk-sh...